Abstract
We report that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Pam(3)CysSerLys(4) exerted more profound effects on release of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), in glia prepared from CD200(-/-) mice compared with wild type mice. This effect is explained by...
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PMID: 21835925
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that the core ER-lumenal domain (cLD) of yeast Ire1 binds to unfolded proteins in yeast cells and to peptides primarily composed of basic and hydrophobic residues in vitro. Mutation of amino acid side chains exposed in a putative peptide-binding groove of Ire1 cLD impaired peptide binding....
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PMID: 21852455
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I receptor (AT1R) blocker (ARB) on the progression of renal injury in rat anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (GN), with a particular focus on the participation of glomerular RAS activation in glomerular structural alterations, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Nephritic rats were...
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PMID: 21925120
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined expressions and distributions of nephrin, podoplanin, polarity protein partitioning defective-3 (PARD-3), and PARD-6 in podocytes from PE. Podocyte cell line (AB 8/13 cells) was used as control. Podocytes were found in all severe PE cases. In contrast, no podocyte was found in the sample...
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PMID: 21422051
PDF is available here.
Anthony Ryan,
Mark Lynch,
Sinead M Smith,
Sylvie Amu,
Hendrik J Nel,
Claire E McCoy,
Jennifer K Dowling,
Eve Draper,
Vincent O'Reilly,
Ciara McCarthy,
Julie O'Brien,
Déirdre Ní Eidhin,
Mary J O'Connell,
Brian Keogh,
Charles O Morton,
Thomas R Rogers,
Padraic G Fallon,
Luke A O'Neill,
Dermot Kelleher and
Christine E Loscher
Abstract
Our results indicate that SLPs isolated from C. difficile can activate innate and adaptive immunity and that these effects are mediated by TLR4, with TLR4 having a functional role in experimental C. difficile infection. This suggests an important role for SLPs in the recognition of C. difficile by t...
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PMID: 21738466
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show here that establishment of select CNS longitudinal tracts and formation of precise mechanosensory afferent innervation to the same CNS region are coordinately regulated by the secreted semaphorins Sema-2a and Sema-2b. Both Sema-2a and Sema-2b utilize the same neuronal receptor, plexin B (Ple...
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PMID: 21521614
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our data demonstrate that subclinical endotoxemia is associated with systemic and AT inflammation in obese pregnant women. Recognition of bacterial pathogens may contribute to the combined dysfunction of innate immunity and the metabolic systems in AT....
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PMID: 20930711
PDF is available here.
Claudia C CC Bippes,
Anja A Feldmann,
Slava S Stamova,
Marc M Cartellieri,
Adrian A Schwarzer,
Rebekka R Wehner,
Marc M Schmitz,
E Peter EP Rieber,
Senming S Zhao,
Knut K Schäkel,
Achim A Temme,
R Hal RH Scofield,
Biji T BT Kurien,
Holger H Bartsch and
Michael M Bachmann
Abstract
We identified a major myeloid-derived proinflammatory subpopulation of human blood dendritic cells which we termed slanDCs (e.g. Schäkel et al. (2006) Immunity 24, 767-777). The slan epitope is an O-linked sugar modification (6-sulfo LacNAc, slan) of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). As sl...
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PMID: 21283706
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined piebald, a pigmentation phenotype in both human and Merino sheep, by analysing multiple data types using a systems approach. First, a case control analysis of 49,034 ovine SNP was performed which confirmed a multigenic basis for the condition. We combined these results with gene expressi...
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PMID: 21701676
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We derived fibroblast-like cells from two hiPS cell lines and show that their phenotypic properties and patterns of DNA methylation were similar to that of mature fibroblasts and to fibroblasts derived from hES cells. iPS-derived fibroblasts (iPDK) and their hES-derived counterparts (EDK) showed sim...
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PMID: 21386890
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that porcine sialoadhesin-specific antibodies and F(ab')₂ fragments trigger sialoadhesin internalization, both in primary porcine macrophages and in cells expressing recombinant porcine sialoadhesin. Using chemical inhibitors, double immunofluorescence stainings and dominant-negative const...
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PMID: 21359217
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that conventional dendritic cells (cDC) from 9-month-old animals exhibit sub-optimal response to E. cuniculi infection, suggesting that age associated immune senescence begins earlier than expected. We focused this study on how age affects plasmacytoid DC (pDC) function. M...
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PMID: 21695169
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We showed by FACS analysis and RT-PCR that HNSCC orchestrates an as yet unknown subpopulation exhibiting functional autonomy in-vitro and in-vivo besides bearing phenotypical resemblance to PDCs and T cells. A subset, positive for the PDC markers CD123, BDCA-2, HLA-DR and the T cell receptor αβ (T...
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PMID: 21264308
PDF is available here.
Abstract
T cells are known for their contribution to the inflammatory element of atherosclerosis. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the Th17 derived cytokine IL-17 is involved in the pro-inflammatory response of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The aim of the present study was to examine whether re...
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PMID: 20606471
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously reported that angiotensin II caused an endothelial-dependent increase in L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel (Ca(V)1.2) in cultured arteries, but the signaling pathways are not clear.
Endothelial damage was generated by brief intra-arterial perfusion with 0.3% CHAPS. Ca(V)1.2 expre...
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PMID: 20639649
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied lymphangiogenesis in human SCC because of the potential link to metastasis. SCC samples were stained for lymphatic endothelial vessel marker LYVE-1 and positive cells were counted and compared with cells in normal skin. Gene set enrichment analysis and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR were...
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PMID: 20827282
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the crystal structures of the precursor p62-E1 heterodimer and of the mature E3-E2-E1 glycoprotein complexes. The resulting atomic models allow the synthesis of a wealth of genetic, biochemical, immunological and electron microscopy data accumulated over the years on alphaviruses in genera...
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PMID: 21124458
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the structure of an alphavirus spike, crystallized at low pH, representing an intermediate in the fusion process and clarifying the maturation process. The trimer of E2-E1 in the crystal structure is similar to the spikes in the neutral pH virus except that the E2 middle region is disorder...
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PMID: 21124457
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that there were few biochemical differences in post-translational modifications between membrane-anchored and soluble forms of CR-1. Flow cytometric analysis revealed an intercellular transfer of the membrane-bound form of CR-1 between cells. CR-1-expressing cells formed unique membrane ext...
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PMID: 21055389
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Allergic airway inflammation is characterized by elaboration of cytokines and chemokines leading to recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes, predominantly eosinophils, to the airways. Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is generated in the lungs of human subjects...
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PMID: 21131700
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that cellular extracts from both human and mouse ESCs retain the immune modulatory properties of intact cells. ESC-extracts that contained 12-24 μg of total protein effectively prevented T cell proliferation in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR), whereas control fibroblast extracts...
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PMID: 20711689
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the regulatory mechanism of Srx induction by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mouse macrophages. LPS up-regulated Srx expression on the transcriptional level. The promoter region of the Srx gene contained putative NF-κB and AP-1 (activator protein-1) sites, and the proximal site of three...
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PMID: 20826812
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The present study reports the anti-mycobacterial activity of 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone (lapachol) as well as its influence on macrophage functions. Lapachol (L) did not induce apoptosis/necrosis of THP-1 macrophages at ≤32 μg/mL. Mycobacterium avium liqui...
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PMID: 20837170
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We showed that loxoribine up-regulated the expression of TLR7, CD40, CD54, CD80, CD83 and CCR7 and stimulated the production of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27 and IL-10 by MoDCs, whereas the level of interferon (IFN)-β was not modulated. Allogeneic CD4(+)T cells in co-culture with loxoribine-treated MoDCs pro...
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PMID: 20817120
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Previous studies in mouse pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) showed that cannonical transient receptor potential channel TRPC1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) mediate the sustained component of capacitative Ca(2+) entry (CCE), but the molecular candidate(s) that mediate the t...
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PMID: 20739625
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined 75 vascular lesions: KHE (n=18), TA (n=13), infantile hemangioma (n=13), pyogenic granuloma (n=18), and granulation tissue (n=13). Overall, KHE and TA shared an identical endothelial immunophenotype: the neoplastic spindle cells were Prox1, podoplanin, LYVE-1, CD31, and CD34, whereas end...
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PMID: 20975337
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We measured the changes in the plasma concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-α, which are induced downstream from the TLR-ligand interaction, in exhaustive-exercised mice immediately after treatment with the imidazoquinoline R-848, which can bind to and activate TLR7....
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PMID: 20602110
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss the most widely used immunohistochemical markers of renal lineage with an emphasis on their sensitivity and specificity for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Subsequently, we present a variety of organ-specific differential diagnostic scenarios in which metastatic clear cell ren...
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PMID: 20966644
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also found that MAT undergoes cleavage between Lys(379) and Val(380) within CUB domain II and that the C-terminal residues after Val(380) are responsible for facilitating the interaction with HAI-1-58K. A synthetic peptide corresponding to Val(380)-Asp(390) markedly increased the matriptase-inhib...
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PMID: 20682770
PDF is available here.
Qing Zhou,
Meghan E Munger,
Steven L Highfill,
Jakub Tolar,
Brenda J Weigel,
Megan Riddle,
Arlene H Sharpe,
Daniel A Vallera,
Miyuki Azuma,
Bruce L Levine,
Carl H June,
William J Murphy,
David H Munn and
Bruce R Blazar
Abstract
Tumor-induced immune defects can weaken host immune response and permit tumor cell growth. In a systemic model of murine acute myeloid leukemia (AML), tumor progression resulted in increased regulatory T cells (Treg) and elevation of program death-1 (PD-1) expression on CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells (CTL...
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PMID: 20570856
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Analyses of microvascular networks with traditional tracer filling techniques suggest that the blood and lymphatic systems are distinct without direct communications, yet involvement of common growth factors during angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis suggest that interactions at the c...
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PMID: 20648570
PDF is available here.
Abstract
to investigate the effects of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) on the peripherial blood dendritic cell (PBDC) and monocyte derived DC (MDDC) in vitro.
isolate PBDC or monocyte by cell isolation kit, monocyte were induced to MDDC by treated with GM-CSF plus IL-4 for 6 days, and then collect PBDC and MDDC...
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PMID: 20937235
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigate by immunohistochemistry the relationship between E-cadherin and dysadherin in 111 cases of primary lung carcinomas (53 squamous cell carcinomas, 21 adenocarcinomas, 13 large cell carcinomas, and 24 small cell carcinomas), and their distant metastases. The intensity, the expression pat...
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PMID: 20712010
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two hundred eighty-seven of 662 cases (43%) showed podoplanin expression in the stromal cells within cancer nests. Stromal podoplanin expression in 14 common cancer types was significantly associated with tumor stage (P < .001), lymph node metastases (P < .001), lymphatic invasion (P = .02), a...
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PMID: 20923309
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We described the isolation and characterization of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata LGBP (designated as poLGBP). The poLGBP cDNA was 2,075 bp long and consisted of a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 18 bp, a 3'-UTR of 299 bp with one cytokine RNA instability motifs (ATTTA), and an open reading frame (ORF...
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PMID: 19888673
PDF is available here.
Abstract
S-layer proteins of Lactobacillus acidophilus were extracted and purified, then the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and its S-layer proteins against the adhesion and invasion of salmonella typhimurium to caco-2 cells were investigated.
S-layer proteins were purified by anion-exchange column {die...
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PMID: 21090263
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the clinical value of CD3+/CD16+ CD56+ cells as predictors of disease progression. We assessed the frequencies of CD3+/CD16+CD56+ cells by the flow cytometry in a group of 300 CLL patients. The percentage of CD3+/CD16+CD56+ cell population expressed as the percentage of CD3+ lymphocy...
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PMID: 20664990
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated biological functions and inhibitory effects of HAI-1 and HAI-2 using uterine LMS cell line SK-LMS-1 and SKN. The expression levels of HAI-1 and HAI-2 were significantly decreased in uterine LMS specimens relative to corresponding uterine normal smooth muscle and leiomyoma specimens....
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PMID: 20664929
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the sequential effects of hypothermic preservation on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), subsequent innate immune activation, and adaptive immune response in rat cardiac allografts.
Allografts were transplanted from fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched Dark Agouti to Wis...
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PMID: 20591689
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent studies have identified a new family of ammonia-specific transporters, Rh glycoproteins, which enable NH3-specific transport. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent evidence regarding the role of Rh glycoproteins in renal ammonia transport.
The Rh glycoproteins, RhAG/Rhag, RhBG/Rhb...
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PMID: 20539225
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results demonstrated that the UL131A, UL130 and UL128 genes were transcribed with the 3'-coterminal, although the initiation points of their mRNA may be different. The variation in the transcripts found in our study indicated the complex nature of transcription of UL131A-128 genes in clinical st...
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PMID: 20826945
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Seventeen percent of tumors showed reduced E-cadherin immunostaining. Twenty-nine per cent of tumors showed dysadherin expression in over 50% of the cancer cells. Positive expression of cytokeratin was identified in 30 (28.0%) patients. The incidence of positive expression of dysadherin in females a...
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PMID: 20944097
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The transcriptional domain of chicken alpha-globin genes was shown to contain the non-globin coding erythroid-specific TMEM8 gene inducible upon terminal differentiation of erythroblasts. Acquirement by the chicken TMEM8 gene of the erythroid-specific expression correlates with its approachment to t...
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PMID: 21061608
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review this new host-pathogen relationship and discuss its impact on the evolution of primate lentiviruses and the origins of the HIV pandemic.
Published by Elsevier Ltd....
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PMID: 20688520
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identify a novel localization of podoplanin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a cellular monolayer critically involved in the visual process. Using a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing approach, we have also demonstrated, for the first time, that podoplanin depletion in...
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PMID: 21226415
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used Envision immunohistochemistry method to detect the levels of expression of gp96, CTLA-4, CD8 in tissue microarray, which contained 89 primary lung cancer tissues, 12 lymph node metastasis lung cancer tissues, 12 precancerous lesions and 10 normal lung tissues, and analyzed the relationship b...
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PMID: 20704820
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated whether this novel strategy might also be useful for the generation of new monoclonal antibodies against molecules of choice. We show, that by targeting the extracellular domain of the human C-type lectin receptor ClecSF6/DCIR/LLIR (hDCIR) to DEC205 on DCs in vivo, we were able to ge...
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PMID: 20566350
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The multi-domain protein von Willebrand factor is crucial in the blood coagulation process at high shear. The A1 domain binds to the platelet surface receptor glycoprotein Ibalpha (GpIb alpha) and this interaction is known to be strengthened by tensile force. The molecular mechanism behind this obse...
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PMID: 20602356
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have used fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to probe these interactions for a prototypical transmembrane protein, VSVG ts045, in vivo. While both folded and unfolded VSVG ts045 showed anomalous diffusion, the unfolded protein had a significantly stronger anomaly. This difference subsided when...
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PMID: 20713018
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show here that Flo11p is shed from cells. Flo11p shedding attenuated adherence and contributed to the overall balance in adherence properties that was optimal for filamentous growth and mat formation. Shed Flo11p comprised an essential component of a fluid layer surrounding yeast mats that may be...
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PMID: 20619652
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our findings indicated that targeting memory T cells, by blocking OX40 costimulation in presensitized recipients was very important to expansion of Tregs, which proved critical to development of tolerance....
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PMID: 20636455
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We expressed a truncated gene encoding the N terminal half of TGEV S gene (designated S1 gene) in a prokaryotic system. The resulting S1 protein was used to immunize BALB/c mice followed by the generation of a monoclonal antibody (MAb). A generated MAb (7F9) was identified by ELISA and the chromosom...
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PMID: 20715993
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A Pichia pastoris cell-surface display system was constructed using the Sed1 anchor system that has been developed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was used as the model protein and was fused to an anchor that consisted of 338 amino acids of Sed1. The resulting fusion...
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PMID: 20383559
PDF is available here.