Abstract
Switzerland and the European Union have a non-vaccination policy for many animal diseases relevant for trade. Because of the relatively low animal density, disease control measures in Switzerland focus on the immediate culling of infected animals. However, the use of vaccines as a supporting measure...
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PMID: 20814858
PDF is available here.
Abstract
On-farm biosecurity is important for preventing the spread of several contagious animal diseases. In this study, biosecurity routines among Swedish farmers with livestock (cattle, pigs, sheep or goats) were examined through questionnaires posted by mail. Moreover, the use of protective clothing amon...
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PMID: 20500492
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The database contains about 200 entries of randomised clinical trials, non-randomised clinical trials, observational studies, drug provings, case reports and case series. Twenty-two clinical fields are covered and eight different groups of species are included. The database is free of charge and ope...
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PMID: 20674843
PDF is available here.
Dong-Gyu Jo,
Thiruma V Arumugam,
Ha-Na Woo,
Jong-Sung Park,
Sung-Chun Tang,
Mohamed Mughal,
Dong-Hoon Hyun,
Jun-Hyung Park,
Yun-Hyung Choi,
A-Ryeong Gwon,
Simonetta Camandola,
Aiwu Cheng,
Huaibin Cai,
Weihong Song,
William R Markesbery and
Mark P Mattson
Abstract
We show that oxidative stress fails to induce BACE1 expression in presenilin-1 (gamma-secretase)-deficient cells and in normal cells treated with gamma-secretase inhibitors. Oxidative stress-induced beta-secretase activity and sAPPbeta levels were suppressed by gamma-secretase inhibitors. Levels of...
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PMID: 18687504
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present bleaching and disease incidences, kinds of diseases, coral species affected, reef localities studied, depth intervals of surveys, and temporal (years) variation for each geographic area. This variation makes difficult to clearly determine defined patterns or general trends for monitored r...
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PMID: 20873043
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present documentation of a White Plague Disease (WPD) outbreak in the Serrana Bank, an isolated Western Caribbean atoll with presumably inexistent pollutant inputs from local human settlements. In addition, this study summarizes seven years of observations on diseased corals in the nearby island...
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PMID: 20873047
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two tenets at the core of the One Health concept are the belief that human and animal health are irrevocably entwined and that the improvement of both requires close collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions with support from allied disciplines. An ongoing Wellcome Trust-supported...
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PMID: 20435977
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Dermatophytes are significant pathogens in animal health due to their zoonotic potential, the economic consequences of infection in farm animal and fur production systems, and the distressing lesions they cause in small domestic pets. Malassezia spp are normal commensal and occasional pathogens of t...
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PMID: 20347667
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Expert opinion was elicited to undertake a qualitative risk assessment to estimate the current and future risks to the European Union (EU) from five vector-borne viruses listed by the World Organization for Animal Health. It was predicted that climate change will increase the risk of incursions of A...
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PMID: 19580695
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We designed a bio-contained mortality composting procedure and tested its efficacy for bovine tissue degradation and microbial deactivation. We used materials available on-farm or purchasable from local farm supply stores in order that the system can be implemented at the site of a disease outbreak....
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PMID: 20461054
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chlamydophila pecorum found in the intestine and vaginal mucus of asymptomatic ruminants has also been associated with different pathological conditions in ruminants, swine and koalas. Some endangered species such as water buffalos and bandicoots have also been found to be infected by C. pecorum. Th...
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PMID: 19995513
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss mechanisms of silencing gene expression via the biology of RNA interference (RNAi), the technology of activating the RNAi pathway and the application of this technology to enhance livestock production through increased production efficiency and prevention of disease. An increased demand f...
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PMID: 20003845
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Despite advances, infectious diseases remain a threat to animal facilities, continue to affect animal health, and serve as potential confounders of experimental research. A workshop entitled Detection, Impact, and Control of Specific Pathogens in Animal Resource Facilities was sponsored by the Natio...
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PMID: 20375440
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The use of veterinary drugs in animal production is necessary for the prevention and treatment of disease; however, such use may result in residues. Regulatory authorities administer legislative frameworks which ensure that foods derived from animals treated with approved veterinary drugs are safe f...
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PMID: 20204591
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In racing and other equine sports, it is possible to increase artificially both the physical capability and the presence of a competitive instinct, using drugs, such as anabolic steroids and agents stimulating the central nervous system. The word doping describes this illegitimate use of drugs and t...
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PMID: 20204593
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The early consequences of global climate change (GCC) are well documented. However, future impacts on ecosystem health, and on the health of humans, domestic animals, and wildlife, are much less well understood. Evidence of increasing frequency of extreme weather events (the 2003 trans-European heat...
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PMID: 20080481
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The overall economic loss attributable to CE in humans and animals in 2005 was estimated at 148 964 534 euros (euro) (95% credible interval, CI: 21 980 446-394 012 706). Human-associated losses were estimated at euro133 416 601 (95% CI: 6 658 738-379 273 434) and animal-associated losses at euro15 5...
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PMID: 20428353
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Because syndromic surveillance systems use pre-diagnostic data for early detection of disease outbreaks, it is important to know how the earliest signs and symptoms of a disease might appear in these systems. The available medical literature describing the sequence of signs and symptoms of pneumonic...
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PMID: 19698212
PDF is available here.
Abstract
With 106 reports of suspected adverse reactions to veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) there was a slight decrease in the year 2008 compared to 2007. However, the distribution according to species and drug classes remained grossly the same: dogs were involved in 45 % of the cases followed in freque...
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PMID: 19946849
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A questionnaire on the status of animal welfare legislation and its implementation was distributed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) to 172 Member Countries in 2008. Overall, 45% of questionnaires were returned. The response rate varied from 25% in Africa to 69% in Europe. Eighty-sev...
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PMID: 20462173
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Zoonoses have earned recognition as the source of serious problems for both public and animal health throughout the world. Emerging infectious diseases have been occurring at an unprecedented rate since the 1970s and a large proportion of these diseases are considered zoonotic. To aid in controlling...
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PMID: 20462153
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Panzootics such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and Rift Valley fever have originated from the South, largely among poor communities. On a global level, approximately two-thirds of those individuals living on less than US$2 per day keep livestock. Consequently, there is a need to better target...
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PMID: 20462148
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A comparative analysis was made of 229 technical specifications for 33 good animal husbandry practices relating to 10 spheres defined by two international organisations and Chile's Agriculture and Livestock Service (SAG) with the aim of establishing epidemiological indicators and assessing the impac...
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PMID: 20462149
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Many animal diseases have received major media attention in recent years, including foot-and-mouth disease, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and avian influenza. Epizootics are on the increase, notably owing to globalization, ecological upheavals, and global warming. It is estimated that thre...
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PMID: 20669550
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Over the past few decades, there have been increasing numbers of reports of diseases in marine turtles. Furthermore, in recent years, there have been documented instances of apparently new diseases emerging in these species of which the etiology and/or pathogenesis remain unknown. These instances i)...
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PMID: 19901275
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study investigated the association of pre-mixed and freshly mixed strychnine baits with poisoning of nontarget animals in Saskatchewan. During years where the formulations were derived from a 2% concentrate, there was a greater than 2-fold increase in case numbers. There were approximately 3-fo...
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PMID: 20119544
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A survey of ectoparasites and their associated pathogens was conducted in two South Carolina zoos, from 2004 to 2007. Dead, wild birds and mammals, as well as captive animals examined during routine veterinary checks constituted the study populations. Ectoparasites were tested for sp...
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PMID: 18973443
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating efficacy of treatments under real world conditions and, as such, it is important that they are conducted with methodological rigour to prevent biased results. Many medical journals have adopted a standard checklist for reportin...
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PMID: 19573943
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have developed a method for analyzing distant dependent contacts and applied it to animal movement data from Sweden. The data were analyzed with two competing models. The first model assumes that contacts arise from a purely distance dependent process. The second is a mixture model and assumes th...
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PMID: 19540009
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Amphibian declines are occurring on a global scale, and infectious disease has been implicated as a factor in some species. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has been associated with amphibian declines and/or extinctions in many locations, however, few of the studies have actually...
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PMID: 20135193
PDF is available here.