Abstract
A prospective cohort observational study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of Anaplasma marginale in Iowa feedlots and its association with morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. Blood samples were taken from 659 calves from 31 consigners at processing and classified as seropositiv...
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PMID: 21037886
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Abstract
We used an unbiased proteomic screen to identify Anaplasma marginale proteins specifically upregulated in the tick compared to the mammalian host. Comparative mass spectrometric analysis of proteins separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of uninfected and infected ISE6 cells and infected m...
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PMID: 20439479
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the serological and molecular prevalence of selected organisms in 145 dogs during late spring (May/June) of 2005 and in 88 dogs during winter (February) of 2007 from the Hopi Indian reservation. Additionally, in 2005, 442 ticks attached to dogs were collected and identified as Rhipiceph...
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PMID: 19469667
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 64-year-old otherwise healthy patient presented with high fever, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and an erythema on the belly. The patient remembered a tick bite four weeks ago when walking with his dog before the specific symptoms started. A meningococcal disease or hematological illness...
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PMID: 20300926
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ticks can transmit a variety of viruses, bacteria or parasites that can cause serious infections or conditions in humans and animals. While tick-borne diseases are becoming an increasing and serious problem in Europe, tick-borne diseases are also responsible for major depressions in livestock produc...
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PMID: 20014900
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found the nucleotide sequences were identical. Almost entire length of the 16S rRNA gene for a representative stain was then sequenced. We found the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene distinct from previously established Anaplasma species in phylogenetic analysis. Our data first indicated t...
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PMID: 20046041
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Abstract
Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are zoonoses caused by bacteria from the family Anaplasmataceae, including human and animal pathogens. The human pathogens are Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the pathogen causing human granulo...
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PMID: 20077398
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will discuss the molecular elements in the relationship between the rickettsia, the tick and the mammalian host associated to the distribution and persistence of the pathogen in nature....
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PMID: 19786123
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The clinical signs of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys infection are similar, and the diagnosis of these pathogens made by stained blood smears is poor due sensibility and specificity. On the other hand, the molecular diagnosis is highly sensitive and specific and nested-PCR have been optimized...
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PMID: 20040193
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The lateral flow assay (LFA) is a rapid diagnostic test which may be performed under most conditions and is especially useful for field applications. This type of assay was applied to the detection of antibody to bovine
Anaplasma marginale using sera from endemic areas and from areas which hav...
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PMID: 19591044
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We screened D. albipictus ticks collected from Minnesota white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) for bacteria of the genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Francisella, and Rickettsia using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) gene amplification and sequence analyses. We detected Anaplasma phagocytophilum and F...
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PMID: 19496436
PDF is available here.
Parasitology (96 ( Pt 2))02 2009
Abstract
The problems caused by tick and tick-borne diseases for livestock particularly cattle on the African continent are described and discussed. The control of ticks and tick-borne diseases must receive high priority in Africa with regard to both research and control application because of their widespre...
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PMID: 3287285
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested whether the presence of two A. marginale (sensu lato) strains that differed in transmission efficiency altered the transmission phenotypes in comparison to those for single-strain infections. Dermacentor andersoni ticks were fed on animals superinfected with the Anaplasma marginale subsp....
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PMID: 19188360
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Blood samples from 153 dogs living in and around Barcelona were assayed for Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Hepatozoon, Babesia and Theileria species by PCR amplification of DNA, and the amplicons obtained were sequenced. The prevalence of the infectious agents...
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PMID: 19168881
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ehrlichiosis is an infection of white blood cells that affects various mammals, including mice, cattle, dogs, and humans. It was first reported in dogs in 1935, and the first human case was documented in the United States in 1986. Ehrlichia are obligate, intracellular bacteria that are transmitted b...
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PMID: 19354021
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In May-June 2006, 76 ticks (40 adult females, 36 adult, males) belonged to Ixodes ricinus species were captured by the method "on flag". Number of ticks on the chosen terrain was 1.77 ticks per km2. 22.4% of ticks (12 females and 5 males) were positive for the agent of tick borreliosis--spirochete B...
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PMID: 19621812
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to describe and discuss the current spectrum of coinfections in Ixodidae ticks and their effects on the transmission of blood microparasites. Coinfections with Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum and/or Babesia sp. in ticks from Poland appear to be...
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PMID: 20209806
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the role of varisin in the immunity of ticks to the gram-negative cattle pathogen, Anaplasma marginale. Expression of the varisin gene was silenced by RNA interference (RNAi) in which male ticks were injected with varisin dsRNA and then allowed to feed and acquire A. marginale infection o...
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PMID: 18523848
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated this by using infection with Anaplasma marginale, a ruminant pathogen that replicates to levels of 10(9) bacteria per ml of blood during acute infection and maintains mean bacteremia levels of 10(6) per ml during long-term persistent infection. We established that immunization-induce...
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PMID: 19017965
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne pathogen of cattle that causes the disease bovine anaplasmosis worldwide. Major surface proteins (MSPs) are involved in host-pathogen and tick-pathogen interactions and have been used as markers for the genetic characterization of A. marginale strains. A. marginal...
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PMID: 18842342
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ehrlichia/Anaplasma, Bartonella, Rickettsia and Tropheryma whipplei (formerly called whippelii) are fastidious bacterial organisms, considered the causative agents of potentially severe emerging and re-emerging diseases with repercussions on public health. The recent availability of advanced molecul...
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PMID: 19100178
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recently in the field of rickettsiology, an explosion of new isolates of pathogens have received species designation and new disease names, all of which have been relatively neglected by primary care and infectious disease physicians. A broad group of other tick-associated rickettsial and ehrlichial...
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PMID: 19061755
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A significant difference was found in the prevalence of anti-Anaplasma sp antibodies in the risk group compared with the control group (18,5 versus 3,3%), p < 0,005. No risk factors associated to seropositivity were found, nor persons with history suggesting ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis. Ninety four pe...
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PMID: 18949148
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Tick-borne infections have been recognized in the United States for more than a century. Patients who present with nonspecific fever after exposure to ticks should be evaluated by clinical examination and routine laboratory testing to determine if the illness is potentially a tick-borne infection. T...
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PMID: 18755383
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The seroprevalence of Anaplasma antibodies in wildlife (eland, blue wildebeest, kongoni, impala, Thomson's gazelle, Grant's gazelle, giraffe and plains zebra) and domestic animal (cattle, sheep and goat) populations was studied in wildlife/livestock interface areas of Kenya. Serum samples were analy...
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PMID: 19040134
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale are rickettsial pathogens responsible for acute disease and mild infections, respectively, in cattle herds. A duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with probes labeled with different fluorophores was developed for simultaneous detection and...
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PMID: 18776093
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested this possibility by acquisition feeding Dermacentor andersoni ticks on a reservoir host superinfected with the genetically distinct St. Maries and EMPhi strains. Although the St. Maries strain consistently maintained higher bacteremia levels in the mammalian host and the EMPhi strain had a...
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PMID: 18573892
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have experimentally demonstrated that an animal primarily infected with A. marginale, or with the related vaccine subspecies A. centrale can be infected with the heterologous subspecies, and carries both bacteria. The co-infection was detected in experimentally cross-infected calves for up to 3 m...
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PMID: 18387757
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A longitudinal study was conducted in Southeast Uganda for 14 months on 640 Zebu cattle kept under natural tick challenge, with a view to identifying clinical features for prediction of seroconversion to Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva infections. Physical examination, cond...
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PMID: 18579313
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Tick fever is an important disease of cattle where Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus acts as a vector for the three causal organisms Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale. Bos indicus cattle and their crosses are more resistant to the clinical effects of infection with B. bovis a...
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PMID: 18472219
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A commercially available (cELISA) kit for diagnosing Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle was validated for diagnosing A ovis infection in sheep using the bovine serum controls as supplied by the manufacturer (BcELISA) and sheep serum controls from pathogen-free sheep (OcELISA). True positives we...
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PMID: 18272296
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In an attempt to identify the main vector and possible transmission routes of Anaplasma spp. in a region of Hungary with high prevalence of ovine and bovine anaplasmosis, DNA was extracted from 316 haematophagous arthropods (individually or in pools), including 4 species of ixodid ticks, 6 species o...
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PMID: 18495345
PDF is available here.
Abstract
DNA fragments of Anaplasma bovis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were detected in cattle on Yonaguni Island, Okinawa, Japan. Although the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these pathogens have not yet been clarified, this is the first detection of their presence in cattle from Japan.
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PMID: 18468796
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We detected sequences corresponding to Anaplasma ovis in reindeer blood samples. Species-specific PCR primers for A. ovis were designed and validated and used to screen blood samples from Mongolian reindeer. Screening of 66 blood samples collected in the 2006 field season resulted in the detection o...
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PMID: 18689641
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the capacity of the recombinant plasmids pcDNA-msp1alpha, pcDNA-msp1beta, and pcDNA-mp5 to express MSP1a, MSP1b, and MSP5 proteins, and to determine the immunogenicity of BALB/c mice immunized with these plasmids individually or in association. Expression of proteins was confirmed in Ve...
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PMID: 18502005
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review some of the evidence for the impact of co-infection on host susceptibility, infection biology and pathology focusing on insights obtained from both longitudinal studies in humans and experiments that explicitly consider the sequence of infection. We then consider the challenges posed by lo...
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PMID: 18474121
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The transmission dynamics of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains circulating within juvenile members of a sheep flock grazing on an Ixodes ricinus-infested pasture in southern Norway were monitored. PCR-based detection of the bacterial p44 fragments in the blood of 16 lambs sampled weekly for 16 weeks...
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PMID: 18367562
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results indicate that a surface protein subset of the outer membrane is capable of inducing protective immunity and serves to direct vaccine development. Furthermore, the data support that remodeling of the surface proteome accompanies the transition between mammalian and arthropod hosts and i...
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PMID: 18316389
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Granulocytic anaplasmosis (GA) and monocytic ehrlichiosis (ME) are maintained in wild rodent reservoirs and tick vectors in the Republic of Korea. This study investigated the prevalence of 2 tick-borne pathogens, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis, in wild rodents an...
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PMID: 18429692
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that sera of cattle infected with A. marginale, with homologous or heterologous isolates recognize recombinant VirB9, VirB10, and EF-Tu. IgG2 from naturally infected cattle also reacts with these proteins. Recognition of epitopes by total IgG and by IgG2 from infected cattle with A. m...
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PMID: 18425271
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We compared the relative efficiencies of mechanical transmission of Anaplasma marginale by the horse fly, Tabanus fuscicostatus Hine, during acute infection (approximately 10(7) to approximately 10(9) infected erythrocytes [IE]/ml blood) with biological transmission by Dermacentor andersoni Stiles i...
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PMID: 18283950
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of tick-borne fever (TBF) in sheep and cattle and human granulocytic anaplasmosis, has the unique ability to infect and multiply within neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes, cells at the frontline of the immune system. Infection with A. phagocytophilu...
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PMID: 17275372
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne bacterium, causes bovine anaplasmosis responsible for significant economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Various major outer membranes have been described, and VirB9, a type IV secretion system protein, has been recently indicated as a candid...
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PMID: 18561379
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We came to the conclusion that in theileriosis as the severity of disease increased the anaemia, MCF and LDH activity increased and SOD activity decreased at any parasitaemia, but in anaplasmosis the anaemia, MCF and LDH activity increased at any parasitaemia but SOD activity decreased only in early...
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PMID: 18551778
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used a functional genomics approach to characterize tick genes regulated in response to Anaplasma marginale infection. Differentially regulated genes/proteins were identified by suppression-subtractive hybridization and differential in-gel electrophoresis analyses of cultured IDE8 tick cells infe...
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PMID: 17964755
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma marginale, results in significant economic losses of cattle in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Six major surface proteins (MSPs) were well characterized and designated as MSP1, MSP2, MSP3, MSP4, and MSP5. The objective of this study was to evaluate the h...
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PMID: 17395222
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Multiple bacterial and protozoal pathogens utilize gene conversion to generate rapid intrahost antigenic variation. Both large- and small-genome pathogens expand the size of the variant pool via a combinatorial process in which oligonucleotide segments from distinct donor loci are recombined in vari...
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PMID: 17785476
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Canadian cattle are free of bovine anaplasmosis, with the exception of 4 isolated incursions since 1968, which were eradicated. It is not known why the disease has not become established in regions of Canada adjacent to the United States where it is endemic. To assess the vector competence of wild-c...
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PMID: 17955901
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate that apoptotic specklike protein with a caspase-activating recruiting domain (ASC)/PYCARD, a central adaptor molecule in the Nod-like receptor (NLR) pathway, regulates the IL-18/IFN-gamma axis during A. phagocytophilum infection through its effect on caspase-1. Caspase-1- and asc-null...
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PMID: 17878377
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay was developed for the diagnosis of Anaplasma marginale infection of cattle. The established assay was proven to be highly specific, since no cross-reactions were observed with other Anaplasma species of ruminants, including the closely related Anaplasma centrale, o...
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PMID: 17466470
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The importance of ticks and tick-borne diseases of small ruminants in China is discussed. Of the 109 species of ticks identified to date in China, 45 species infest small ruminants. Five species have been proved to be involved, or possibly involved, in the transmission of tick-borne diseases. Anapla...
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PMID: 17823826
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conducted a 16S rRNA nested PCR for the genus Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia spp. with blood samples from 30 ill dogs in Chile. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by using groESL gene amplification. We identified Anaplasma platys as 1 of the etiologic agents of canine ehrlichiosis.
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PMID: 18252119
PDF is available here.