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Enterotoxemia (0):
Recent article
Enterotoxemia
Veterinary Record (167)1 2010
Abstract
Cattle enterotoxaemia is one of numerous pathologies caused by Clostridium perfringens. These anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria are naturally present in the intestinal flora of mammals, but their uncontrolled multiplication under certain conditions results in the overproduction of toxins in the intes...
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PMID: 20605954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
These results indicate that C. perfringens epsilon toxin alters the intestinal permeability, predominantly by opening the mucosa tight junction, increasing its permeability to macromolecules, and inducing further degenerative changes in the lamina propria of the bowel....
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PMID: 19763257
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The production of Clostridium (C.) perfringens toxins in the intestine is an important cause of enteritis and enterotoxaemia in livestock. In the present study, the alpha toxin and the genes encoding beta2 and epsilon toxin could be frequently detected by means of phenotypical and PCR examinations i...
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PMID: 19863004
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens type D-producing epsilon toxin is a common cause of death in sheep and goats worldwide. Although anti-epsilon toxin serum antibodies have been detected in healthy non-vaccinated sheep, the information regarding naturally acquired antibodies in ruminants is scanty. The objecti...
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PMID: 18538416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Microbiology (127)1-2 2008
Abstract
We report the establishment and validation of three real-time fluorogenic (TaqMan) multiplex PCRs for the detection of C. perfringens alpha-, beta-, beta2-, epsilon-, entero- and iota-toxin genes. The composition of the PCRs was chosen with regard to robustness of the assays and in order to increase...
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PMID: 17855025
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Infection and Immunity (75)9 2007
Abstract
We developed an oral challenge mouse model of C. perfringens type D enterotoxemia. When BALB/c mice with a sealed anus were inoculated by intragastric gavage with type D isolates, 7 of 10 type D isolates were lethal, as defined by spontaneous death or severe clinical signs necessitating euthanasia....
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PMID: 17562765
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (160)23 2007
Abstract
Veterinary Microbiology (120)1-2 2007
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens has been implicated in a broad array of enteric infections including the fatal haemorrhagic enteritis/enterotoxaemia syndrome in cattle. The beta2 toxin (CPB2), encoded by cpb2, is suspected to be implicated in this syndrome. However, among C. perfringens isolates from cattle...
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PMID: 17126502
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens type D is a highly lethal disease of sheep, goats and other ruminants. The diagnosis of this condition is usually confirmed by detection of epsilon toxin, a major exotoxin produced by C. perfringens types B and D, in the intestinal content of affected...
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PMID: 16857397
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium glycolicum was identified as the cause of circulatory collapse and death in a female, 3-yr-old, captive-bred ornate Nile monitor (Varanus ornatus). Anaerobic culture of fecal samples from 12 other monitor lizards from the collection failed to demonstrate the prese...
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PMID: 17312813
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (157)25 2005
Abstract
Abstract
Grossly, bilateral and mostly symmetrical areas of haemorrhage were evident that mainly involved areas of grey matter in the brainstem from the level of the caudal colliculi to the thalamus and, in one, the internal capsule and caudate nucleus. In the occipital and caudal parietal cortex, there was...
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PMID: 16220132
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (156)23 2005
Enterotoxaemia involving beta2-toxigenic Clostridium perfringens in a white stork (Ciconia ciconia).
Abstract
Abstract
Beta2 (beta2) toxin-producing Clostridium perfringens type A strains were found to be associated with necrotic and hemorrhagic intestinal lesions in 2 Asiatic black bears (Selenarctos thibetanus) that died suddenly. Ten isolates were obtained from the liver, lungs, heart, and small and large intesti...
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PMID: 15825503
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results stress the importance of the use of histological examination of the brain, coupled with epsilon toxin detection, for a definitive diagnosis of C. perfringens type D enterotoxemia in sheep....
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PMID: 15460322
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Clostridial infections are found worldwide in almost all species of animals and may involve a variety of body systems and present with a diversity of clinical signs. Most damage done through clostridial infections is due to the action of toxins released from the bacteria.Thus, disease caused by Clos...
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PMID: 15203231
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Postmortem examination of a Boer buck kid that died peracutely revealed diffusely congested, edematous bowel. Clostridium perfringens Type A was isolated. Some isolates carried the gene for beta2 toxin, suggesting a role for beta2 toxin in caprine enterotoxemia, a common cause of death in growing ki...
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PMID: 15072200
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Quality assurance of C. perfringens epsilon toxoid vaccines--ELISA versus mouse neutralisation test.
Abstract
Clostridium (C.) perfringens is a Gram-positive anaerobic spore-forming bacterium. Disease caused by C. perfringens infection is called enterotoxaemia. C. perfringens strains are classified on the basis of the lethal exotoxins formed by the bacteria. Epsilon toxin is one of the major lethal toxins a...
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PMID: 15057410
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined the early effects of epsilon toxin on caprine and ovine intestine. Intestinal loop assays were performed to analyse the physiological and morphological changes induced by epsilon toxin in the intestine of these species. Fluid accumulation was observed in caprine and ovine ileum and colon...
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PMID: 12777097
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Microvascular endothelial damage by the epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens type D appears to be the fundamental cause of cerebral parenchymal injury and lesions occur in a seemingly dose- and time-dependent manner. Large doses of circulating toxin produce a severe, generalised, vasogenic cereb...
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PMID: 15080445
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results show that there is a marked inconsistency among techniques routinely used to detect Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. Until more consistent results are achieved, the diagnosis of enterotoxemia should not only be based solely on epsilon toxin detection, but also on clinical and pat...
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PMID: 12661718
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Veterinary Microbiology (86)3 2002
Abstract
These results suggest in vivo synergistic role of the alpha and beta2 toxins in the production of necrotic and haemorrhagic lesions of the small intestine in cases of bovine enterotoxaemia. However, isolation of beta2-toxigenic C. perfringens does not confirm the clinical diagnosis of bovine enterot...
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PMID: 11900954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ninety-five fecal samples from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), caught along the northern Norwegian coast, were examined bacteriologically for occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and i...
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PMID: 12030710
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Military Medicine (167)3 2002
Abstract
We conclude that C. perfringens is an important cause of vomiting and diarrhea in our patient population and that a causal relationship may exist between dietary indiscretion and C. perfringens-associated intestinal disease....
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PMID: 11901570
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Very little is known about the occurrence of Clostridium perfringens and of diseases caused by this anaerobic bacterium in marine mammals, especially those that are free-living. During a scientific expedition to the Greenland Sea (West Ice) in spring 1999, faeces samples from 70 hooded seals (Cystop...
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PMID: 11846022
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Microbiology (81)1 2001
Abstract
The enterotoxaemia syndrome in Belgian Blue calves is characterised by a high case fatality rate, sudden death, lesions of haemorrhagic enteritis of the small intestine and, quite often an absence of other clinical signs but its cause has not been yet identified. As a first step in this identificati...
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PMID: 11356315
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a 7-year-old child with TSS resulting from staphylococcal pneumonia. S. aureus enterotoxins A and B were detected in the sputum of this patient by PCR....
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PMID: 11155749
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease in small ruminants requires integration of information obtained in the signalment, history, physical or necropsy examination, and ancillary diagnostic tests. The purpose of this article is to provide the practitioner with a review of the clinical features of sev...
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PMID: 10707415
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A field strain of cl. perfringens, named Dt001, was isolated from kidney of ovine enterotoemia case. The isolate characterized as Cl. perfringens, type D was based on its cultural and biochemical characters and its factors of virulence. The strain was very toxinogenic and well adapted to culture con...
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PMID: 14658231
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In order to study the prophylactic and metaphylactic effect of antomicrobial growth promoters and ionophorous anticoccidials on the incidence of Cl. perfringens enterotoxaemia in chickens, experimental attempts were performed with 675 chickens in 27 trials. The birds were intraduodenally infected wi...
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PMID: 10684178
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ovine, caprine and bovine endothelial cells were grown in vitro and challenged with Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin to compare their susceptibility to this toxin. Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, which are known to be susceptible to epsilon toxin, were used as a positive control....
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PMID: 10493114
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Bovine enterotoxaemia is an acute to peracute syndrome occurring mainly in calves and characterized by the sudden or very rapid death of the calf, with colics, convulsions and nervous disorders as clinical signs, if any. The most pronounced lesion is a necrohaemorrhagic enteritis of the jejunum, the...
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PMID: 10992880
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Enteric bacterial infections are among the most common and economically significant diseases affecting swine production worldwide. Clinical signs of these infections include diarrhea, reduced growth rate, weight loss, and death of preweaned, weanling, grower-finisher, young and adult age breeding an...
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PMID: 10659346
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (143)17 1998
Abstract
Twenty-nine Angora goats were used in a trial of a commercial enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney disease) vaccine. The animals were allocated to four groups, of which three received an initial dose of vaccine, two also received a booster of the same vaccine either 28 or 42 days after the first vaccination...
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PMID: 9829304
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Veterinary Record (142)26 1998
Abstract
Enterotoxaemia in goats is mainly characterized by enterocolitis, and it has been suggested that the poor efficacy of commercial vaccines in preventing the disease is due to the local action of Clostridium perfringens toxin/s within the intestine, where circulating antibodies might not exert their a...
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PMID: 9682431
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens isolated from sheep and goat with enterotoxaemia at necropsy and from healthy animals at slaughter were typed using specific PCR assays for the detection of the alpha-, beta- and epsilon-toxin genes. Clostridium perfringens isolated from all 52 animals with pathological signs...
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PMID: 9674169
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Pathology (35)2 1998
Abstract
The effects of intraduodenal administration of Clostridium perfringens cultures and culture products in goats were evaluated to develop a reliable experimental model of enterotoxemia in this species. Five conventionally reared, 11-16-week-old Angora goat kids were dosed intraduodenally with whole cu...
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PMID: 9539367
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (142)9 1998
Abstract
Abstract
Sudden deaths or the sudden death syndrome are perceived as major concerns in cattle feedlots because most of these deaths occur in cattle near market weight. Etiology and preventive measures are poorly defined. The current literature indicates that sudden deaths are associated most commonly with di...
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PMID: 9464913
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to compare vaccination schedules for ewes and their lambs to raise antibody concentrations to epsilon-toxin of Clostridium perfringens, the causative agent of enterotoxemia. Half of 200 Finnsheep x Dorset ewes were vaccinated with C. perfringens type D toxoid vac...
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PMID: 9303449
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (141)9 1997
Abstract
Cerebral microangiopathy is described in naturally occurring clostridial enterotoxaemia in two goats. The two cases were selected from the files of two diagnostic laboratories in Australia, on the basis that the clinical syndrome and history were consistent with a diagnosis of enterotoxaemia, and th...
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PMID: 9301010
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the detection of Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin in intestinal contents of animals which have died of suspected C perfringens type A enterotoxaemia. The test can also be used for testing culture supernatants of C perfringens iso...
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PMID: 9368967
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Aetiology and epizootiology of enterotoxaemia, especially the connection between development of the disease and the management of feeding are described and newer knowledge about the physiopathology of the disease is presented. A comparative description of prophylactic schemes which include immuno- a...
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PMID: 9035967
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinarni Medicina (41)7 1996
Abstract
I (RCA I) in the brush border and in the Golgi apparatus was diminished or abolished. The binding of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was reduced to some goblet cells or surface of the crypts. Binding of concanavalin agglutinin (ConA) was not changed in comparison with control rabbits. These results show...
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PMID: 8774121
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Enterotoxaemia of sheep and goats occurs worldwide, but the condition in goats is poorly understood. The disease in goats is mostly caused by Clostridium perfringens type D, although the role of the toxins of this microorganism in the pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood. The disease...
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PMID: 8950829
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Avian Diseases (40)3 1996
Abstract
Hepatic and renal electron microscopic investigations were carried out in 10 chickens that had experimental intraduodenal infection with Clostridium perfringens Type A. Fourteen days postinfection, there were ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells; these included m...
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PMID: 8883806
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In 1985, in a colony of domesticated grasscutters in Cotonou/Benin (West Africa), an endemic disease that caused severe losses of up to 50 percent of the population was found. The animals regularly showed a necrotic small intestine and strongly reddened and granulated (like a raspberry) Peyer's plaq...
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PMID: 8592913
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The extent and causes of sheep losses in the semi-arid Mallee region of north-western Victoria were assessed by interviewing the owners of 79 randomly selected farms running 241 flocks in 1987/88 and 245 flocks in 1988/89. Mean annual losses were higher in ram flocks (21%) than in ewe flocks (7%), i...
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PMID: 8585847
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The strains of Clostridium perfringens are classified according to major toxins produced. Classically, this determination involves the seroneutralization of their lethal effect in mice. However, this method requires specific antisera and a large number of mice. In this work, a new typing method was...
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PMID: 7822224
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (135)12 1994
Abstract
Forty-four of a flock of 117 angora goats in the Rio Negro province of Argentina died within four days. Most of the animals died shortly after the onset of clinical signs, but in a few the clinical course lasted for several days. Post mortem the small and large intestines were filled with watery con...
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PMID: 7817506
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A latex agglutination test (LAT), with a neutralisation control, has been developed for the detection of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. The LAT readily detects the toxin qualitatively in the intestinal contents of animals suspected of dying from enterotoxaemia. When the LAT was compared with...
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PMID: 8191019
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ceskoslovenska patologie (30)1 1994
Abstract
When testing antibiotics in rabbits Dalacin was shown to be the most effective in inducing enterotoxaemia in rabbits. Autopsy disclosed signs of enterotoxaemia even in some animals without previous symptoms. Histopathological lesions were found even in intestines macroscopically normal. Experiments...
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PMID: 8181098
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
An outbreak of enterotoxaemia was observed for the first time in suckling camels in Saudi Arabia. The animals were weak, diarrhoeic and succumbed quickly to exertion. The main pathological findings were those of acute catarrhal enteritis and acute myocardial degeneration. Clostridium perfringens was...
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PMID: 8237187
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Radiobiologiia (33)2 1993
Abstract
Thermal burn of irradiated rats increases the level and the length of the postirradiation enteroendotoxemia and aggravates the postirradiation impairment of the hematoenterocitic barrier. The pharmacological correction of the small intestine motility and introduction of ciproheptadine, an agent that...
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PMID: 8502746
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Between 1963 and 1990, 4221 Escherichia coli strains were isolated from 4221 cases of porcine neonatal colibacillosis and 16826 E. coli strains from 16064 cases of E. coli enterotoxicosis of weaned pigs. They belonged to serotypes which, due to their enterotoxigenicity or verotoxigenicity, are consi...
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PMID: 1486239
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Eighteen local breed cats suffered from enterotoxaemia after scavenging on chicken-remnants. They suffered from vomitus and diarrhoea and collapsed dead after a few hours. An untypable strain of Clostridium perfringens was isolated in pure form and was suspected to be the cause of the outbreak.
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PMID: 1414094
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.