Abstract
In May 2008 the Nijmegen Municipal Health Service (MHS) was informed about an outbreak of atypical pneumonia in three in-patients of a long-term psychiatric institution. The patients had been hospitalized and had laboratory confirmation of acute Q fever infection. The MHS started active case finding...
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PMID: 20141644
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We wished to determine whether a commercial rapid ELISA used for Giardia detection in dogs and cats could be used in sheep. Fecal samples collected from sheep (n = 93) were tested with a combination of 6 methods: reference laboratory fecal flotation, reference laboratory ELISA, inhouse fecal flotati...
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PMID: 21205445
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I (non-parasitized) was pre-treated with 3 repeated administrations of 5mg/kg bw of fenbendazole to maintain a non-parasitized condition. In Group II (parasitized), the lambs did not receive any anthelmintic treatment. After 85 d of the pre-treatment period, both groups were treated with a subcutane...
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PMID: 20828822
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the sensitivity of PPRI to MP scarcity would not differ between different levels of reproductive output when nutrient intake is adjusted for associated differences in MP demand; this hypothesis assumes that PPRI has a nutritional basis only. Scottish Blackface (BF) and...
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PMID: 20691124
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In Autumn 2009, a faecal egg count reduction test (FERCT) was carried out on three sheep farms. Groups of 8-11 lambs were treated with ivermectin or moxidectin, with a 14-day interval between treatment and sampling. Ivermectin resistance was present on all three farms. Treatment with ivermectin resu...
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PMID: 21141150
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have found associations between fitness and heritable self-reactive antibody responsiveness in a wild population of Soay sheep. The occurrence of self-reactive antibodies correlated with overall antibody responsiveness and was associated with reduced reproduction in adults of both sexes. However,...
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PMID: 21030656
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Abstract
Twenty-four German Merino sheep (72.3±10.1 kg of body weight) were fed an all-hay diet and assigned to either the subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) treatment (n=17) or sham treatment (n=7). The SARA sheep were orally dosed with a 2.2 M glucose solution to supply 5 g of glucose/kg of body weight, whe...
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PMID: 20855017
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Abstract
We examined whether erythromycin would eradicate intra-amniotic ureaplasma infections in pregnant sheep. At Gestational Day (GD) 50 (term, GD 150), pregnant ewes received intra-amniotic injections of erythromycin-sensitive Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3 (n = 16) or 10B medium (n = 16). At GD 100, amnio...
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PMID: 20610808
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To study the association of polymorphisms at five microsatellite loci with immune responses to a killed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) vaccine.
Merino sheep (504 vaccinates and 430 unvaccinated controls) from a long-term Johne's vaccine trial undertaken on three different properti...
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PMID: 20927174
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated a pasteurellosis epizootic in free-ranging bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) wherein a Pasteurellaceae strain carried by syntopic cattle (Bos taurus) under severe winter conditions appeared to contribute to pneumonia in affected bighorns. Twenty-one moribund or dead bighorn sheep were...
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PMID: 20966277
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease with a wide geographical distribution, Greece included, and is considered to be a serious problem for the public health and the livestock economy. Although the disease was widespread in Greece since ancient times, cystic echinococcosis was identified as a...
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PMID: 21073143
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The study was designed to compare the in vitro egg hatch test (EHT) and molecular allele-specific polymerase chain reaction PCR (AS-PCR) methods as tools for detection of benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus, a nematode parasite of small ruminants. Comparisons were made during the course...
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PMID: 20684865
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In 1862, the veterinarian Loman reported the first sheep in The Netherlands with symptoms associated with lentiviral infection, although at the time the symptoms were ascribed to ovine progressive pneumonia. In the following century, similar cases were reported by South African, French, American, an...
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PMID: 20822040
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Abstract
We describe the possible use of the clone-9 protein for this purpose, which was identified as a potential immunogenic piroplasm protein by random sequencing of cDNA library clones followed by bioinformatic analyses. The clone-9 gene was partially recombinantly expressed and used for the development...
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PMID: 20422216
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Abstract
We compared the timing of abnormal prion protein (PrP(Sc)) dissemination and accumulation in the organism of susceptible sheep either orally inoculated or naturally infected with classical scrapie. Both animal groups shared a similar PrP(Sc) dissemination scheme and accumulation dynamics in lymphoid...
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PMID: 20444991
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Peter C Griffiths,
John Spiropoulos,
Richard Lockey,
Anna C Tout,
Dhanushka Jayasena,
Jane M Plater,
Alun Chave,
Robert B Green,
Sarah Simonini,
Leigh Thorne,
Ian Dexter,
Anne Balkema-Buschmann,
Martin H Groschup,
Vincent Béringue,
Annick Le Dur,
Hubert Laude and
James Hope
Abstract
Twenty-four atypical scrapie cases from sheep with different prion protein genotypes from Great Britain were transmitted to transgenic tg338 and/or TgshpXI mice expressing sheep PrP alleles, but failed to transmit to wild-type mice. Mean incubation periods were 200-300 days in tg338 mice and 300-500...
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PMID: 20392900
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The pneumonic lesions and mortality caused by Mannheimia haemolytica in bighorn sheep (BHS; Ovis canadensis) are more severe than those in the related species, domestic sheep (DS; Ovis aries), under both natural and experimental conditions. Leukotoxin (Lkt) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are the most...
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PMID: 20515932
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Observations were made on a small flock of 50 sheep of the native Slovenian Jezersko-Solcava breed by investigators with dental training. The aim was to determine the range of naturally occurring dental diseases, so postmortem examinations were performed on animals slaughtered for meat or culled due...
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PMID: 20656992
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss available potent PPR vaccines and the future possibility of developing new-generation vaccines against PPR....
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PMID: 20624051
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) is a betaretrovirus of sheep (ENTV-1) and goats (ENTV-2) associated with neoplastic transformation of epithelial cells of the ethmoid turbinate. Confirmation of the role of ENTV in the pathogenesis of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA) has yet to be resolved due to...
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PMID: 20398709
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Abstract
We found that across six sampling periods, 100% of wild bighorn sheep surveyed were passing first-stage dorsal-spined larvae (DSL) which appeared to be consistent with M. capillaris. By contrast, only 39% or fewer sheep were passing Protostrongylus larvae. Using molecular techniques, we positively i...
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PMID: 20688711
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Abstract
We infected lambs experimentally with a red deer and a sheep isolate, respectively. The 497 base pairs of the partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of both isolates were 100% identical to GenBank accession number M73220; the 3.8 kilobases of the total ank gene sequences were 99% identical. Sixteen lambs w...
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PMID: 20688686
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined 23 epizootic mortality episodes from presumably known causes that occurred in the United States and Canada from 1942 to 2005. These outbreaks were correlated with population size using regression models. Epizootic origins were documented by considering contact with a "new" pathogen for t...
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PMID: 20688682
PDF is available here.
Paulraj K Lawrence,
Sudarvili Shanthalingam,
Rohana P Dassanayake,
Renuka Subramaniam,
Caroline N Herndon,
Donald P Knowles,
Fred R Rurangirwa,
William J Foreyt,
Gary Wayman,
Ann Marie Marciel,
Sarah K Highlander and
Subramaniam Srikumaran
Abstract
These results unequivocally demonstrate transmission of M. haemolytica from domestic to bighorn sheep, resulting in pneumonia and death of bighorn sheep....
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PMID: 20688676
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We and others have shown that DS and BO LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) can mediate Lkt-induced cytolysis. It is not clear whether CR4 (CD11c/CD18), which is involved in chemotaxis, phagocytosis and regulates host immune response can also mediate Lkt-induced cytolysis in ruminants. The hos...
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PMID: 20060597
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Paratuberculosis is a chronic enteropathy of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP); infection of sheep results in two disease forms - paucibacillary (tuberculoid) and multibacillary (lepromatous) associated with the differential polarization of the immune response...
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PMID: 20053460
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explored the experimental transmission of Babesia sp. BQ1 (Lintan) to sheep by H. qinghaiensis and Haemaphysalis longicornis. Based on the evidence from nested PCR, it suggested that H. qinghaiensis and H. longicornis are the potential vector ticks of Babesia sp. BQ1 (Lintan) and that larvae, nym...
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PMID: 20026243
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We can conclude that under Galician field conditions, parasitic control programs are not totally effective against M. capillaris infection....
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PMID: 20597445
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that recent outbreaks in Japanese serows are caused by ORFVs genetically closely related to the viruses in earlier outbreaks and that these genetically stable ORFVs have circulated among Japanese serows over a long period of time....
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PMID: 20124763
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The tapeworm Moniezia expansa and naturally infected sheep were investigated with respect to their lead accumulation. Lead-Pb(CH(3)COO)(2) was added to the distilled water and administered orally to the sheep every day for a period of 1 week. After the exposure period the sheep were killed and the m...
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PMID: 20213435
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Dichelobacter nodosus is a slow-growing anaerobic bacterium that is the causative agent of virulent ovine footrot. Vaccination targeted at up to two specific serogroups can eliminate those serogroups from infected flocks, but requires identification of serogroups present in infected flocks. Serogrou...
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PMID: 20303191
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Campylobacter species have been identified as the major cause of acute bacterial enteritis in the UK. However, the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis remains poorly understood. It has been suggested that the role of sheep in the epidemiology of Campylobacter has been underestimated. The objective of...
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PMID: 20381181
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A mathematical model of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in sheep flocks was used to evaluate strategies for control and elimination of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA). Control strategies tested were vaccination, serological testing and removal of seropositives, clinical examination and remo...
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PMID: 20304509
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate serum glucose, lipid, and lipoprotein in sheep naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica. Ten healthy sheep and 15 infected with F. hepatica were used in study. Serum concentrations of total protein (TP), albumin, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-densit...
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PMID: 20557213
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the novel anthelmintic combination, derquantel-abamectin, against gastrointestinal nematode populations in sheep, under field-use conditions.
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PMID: 20514085
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Monepantel is the first molecule from the amino-acetonitrile derivatives to be developed for controlling gastro-intestinal nematodes in sheep. Two studies were undertaken to examine the drug's efficacy against inhibited fourth-stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia spp. in sheep when...
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PMID: 20153932
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We aimed to assess the prevalence of infection in lambs via development of a standardised PCR technique applied to neonates together with follow-up serology at age 4 months. We measured the sensitivity of PCR targeting the T. gondii sequences B1, SAG1, 5'SAG2, 3'SAG2 and SAG3 in the presence of abun...
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PMID: 20144507
PDF is available here.
Abstract
No animals were seropositive for IgM against RVFV. Of the animals born after the 1997-1998 epizootic, 18% (34/188) of sheep were seropositive for IgG against RVFV, compared with 3% (2/75) of goats. Seventy percent (8,144/11,678) of the mosquitoes collected were of the Culex subgenera; 18% (2,102/11,...
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PMID: 20433377
PDF is available here.
Lin Zhan,
Wu Chun Cao,
Jia Fu Jiang,
Xiao Ai Zhang,
Yun Xi Liu,
Xiao Ming Wu,
Wen Yi Zhang,
Pan He Zhang,
Chang Ling Bian,
J Stephen Dumler,
Hong Yang,
Shu Qing Zuo,
Chen Yi Chu,
Wei Liu,
Jan H Richardus and
J Dik F Habbema
Abstract
We isolated the organism from rodents and sheep in northeastern China. We isolated 3 strains (2 from rodents and 1 from sick sheep) through propagation in BALB/c mice and then cell culture in HL60 cells. The 3 isolates were identified by Wright-Giemsa staining, immunofluorescence, and electronic mic...
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PMID: 20409364
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Four hundreds and ninety sheep sera from seven breeds raised at eight counties and one city of Aksu region in Xinjiang were tested by ELISA for the presence of antibodies against hepatitis E virus (HEV), and the positive rate differences were compared based on administrative areas, breeds and age by...
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PMID: 20572346
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A one-step real-time Taqman RT-PCR assay (RRT-PCR) for peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) was developed to detect the four lineages of PPRV by targeting the nucleoprotein (N) gene of the virus. This new assay was compared to a conventional RT-PCR on reference strains and field materials. Quanti...
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PMID: 20116402
PDF is available here.
J A Romero,
M S Arias,
J L Suárez,
A Paz-Silva,
I Francisco,
F Alonso,
F J Cortiñas,
V Dacal,
A Romasanta,
P Morrondo,
P Díez-Baños,
A Scala and
R Sánchez-Andrade
Abstract
These results seem to underline that oestrosis is a parasitic disease to keep watch for in regions with an oceanic climate. A noninvasive evaluation of the success of chemotherapy seems possible by analyzing the serum IgM response....
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PMID: 20496597
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In Switzerland, bovine fasciolosis is an economically important but often overlooked disease of dairy cows. The intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Switzerland is Galba truncatula, an amphibious snail living in humid habitats which are infected by miracidia from recently hatched Fasciola eggs....
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PMID: 20464681
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In situ detection of ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) and the phenotypic identification of the cells that harbor OPPV have not been described for the OPPV-affected tissues, which include lung, mammary gland, synovial membranes of the carpal joint, and choroid plexus of the brain. In this stu...
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PMID: 20382821
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the interaction of the prototypic cyclotide kalata B1 with the external surface of H. contortus larvae and adult worms. We show that cyclotides do not need to be ingested by the worms to exert their toxic effects but that an interaction with the external surface alone is toxic. Evide...
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PMID: 20211894
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Parasitic nematodes, especially Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi), are among the most common and economically important causes of disease in sheep and goats owned by pastoralists and small holder farmers in Africa. The control of these infections relies mainly on the use of anthelmintic drugs. However...
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PMID: 20097010
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2008 to March 2009 to estimate the prevalence of lungworm infection and to investigate some of the risk factors associated with small ruminant lungworm infections in Dessie and Kombolcha districts, northeastern Ethiopia. Faecal samples were collect...
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PMID: 20056332
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We adapted this test using eggs purified by routine sugar centrifugation methods and evaluated 26 diagnostic samples from ruminants submitted to our laboratories in Oregon and Georgia. Very good correlations were seen between this test and larval culture (adjusted R(2)=0.72132; F(1,25)=65.7; p<0.001...
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PMID: 20060646
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of repeated wattle tannin (WT) drenches on faecal egg counts (FEC), worm burdens and egg hatchability during a naturally acquired worm infection in sheep and goats. For the in vivo experiment, nematode-infected sheep and goa...
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PMID: 20083356
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a genetic mapping approach for the discovery of DNA markers for anthelmintic resistance in Haemonchus contortus. We crossed a multi-drug resistant field isolate of H. contortus with a well-characterized laboratory strain susceptible to 4 drug classes. The F2 were separately selected with...
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PMID: 19835651
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if sheep could be averted to Mascagnia rigida, a toxic plant found in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Twelve female sheep naïve to M. rigida were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: control (treated with 15 mL water orally by a drench...
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PMID: 19836034
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The results support the conclusion that older animals are more refractory to the establishment of ingested parasite larvae, and that this reduces the dilution of resistant worms surviving an anthelmintic treatment. Surviving resistant worms are therefore likely to make a greater proportional contrib...
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PMID: 20383244
PDF is available here.