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Horns (1):
Recent article
Horns
Abstract
Two different endophytic strains, ESRAA1997 and ALAA2000, were isolated from the Egyptian herbal plant Anastatica hierochuntica. The 2 strains produced alkaline serine protease and were identified based on their phenotypic and chemotypic characteristics as different strains of Micromonospora spp. Bo...
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PMID: 20921985
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
This review attempts to show the bone community that there are many ways of being a 'bone', and that the range of mechanical properties of bone material is much greater than is conventionally thought to be the case. However the structure-function relationships have in many cases hardly moved beyond...
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PMID: 20416550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study assessed the efficacy of ketoprofen for mitigating pain following dehorning with an electric cautery iron. Forty Holstein heifer calves, 4 to 8 wk of age, were randomized to receive a lidocaine cornual nerve block and either an injection of ketoprofen (3 mg/kg IM) or physiological saline,...
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PMID: 20514252
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Genomics (11) 2010
Abstract
We hypothesize this as a key event involved in keratinocyte migration and subsequent horn development. In the polled-scurs comparison, the most prevalent differentially expressed transcripts code for genes involved in extracellular matrix remodelling, which were up regulated in scurs tissues relativ...
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PMID: 20537189
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cornu Bubali (water buffalo horn, WBH) is an animal-derived product which is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for dispelling heat, relieving convulsions and cooling blood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antipyretic activity of WBH aqueous extract and its potential...
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PMID: 20387226
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Naturwissenschaften (96)5 2009
Abstract
Turanoceratops tardabilis from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) Bissekty Formation of Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan, represents the first definite ceratopsid dinosaur recorded from Asia. Reexamination of the original and study of newly collected material indicate that Turanoceratops has well-developed supr...
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PMID: 19277598
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Naturwissenschaften (96)3 2009
Abstract
We suggest that isolated teeth originally referred as post-Cenomanian Carcharodontosauridae most probably belong to abelisaurids....
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PMID: 19057888
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Do new anatomical structures arise de novo, or do they evolve from pre-existing structures? Advances in developmental genetics, palaeontology and evolutionary developmental biology have recently shed light on the origins of some of the structures that most intrigued Charles Darwin, including animal...
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PMID: 19212399
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
BMC Genetics (10)1 2009
Abstract
Our results indicate that the inheritance pattern of the scurs phenotype in the French Charolais breed is autosomal recessive with complete penetrance in both sexes, which is different from what is reported for other breeds. The frequency of the scurs allele (Sc) reaches 69.9% in the French Charolai...
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PMID: 19575823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo (22)2 2009
Abstract
The horn extracts from the saiga of different age were used to investigate its effect on organotypic tissue culture of explants from the rat spleen. From 4 to 10 amino acids were detected in the different extract fractions. The horn extracts from the young saiga, at the effective concentration 1 ng/...
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PMID: 19947403
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explore the significance of resource allocation trade-offs between primary and secondary sexual traits in shaping early morphological divergences between four recently separated populations of the horned beetle Onthophagus taurus as well as macroevolutionary divergence patterns across 10 Onthopha...
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PMID: 18616574
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Zoological Science (25)8 2008
Abstract
Onthophagus trituber, O. taurinus, and O. proletarius, three sympatric dung beetle species native to southern Taiwan, exhibit normally distributed body size (pronotum width) but non-normally distributed horn length due to the presence of horned and hornless morphs. The scaling relationships between...
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PMID: 18795812
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Biology (18)10 2008
Abstract
We show that early viability and fecundity selection act in opposing directions on a secondary sexual trait and that their relative magnitude depends upon ecological conditions, generating fluctuating selection. In a wild population of Soay sheep (Ovis aries), phenotypic and genetic associations bet...
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PMID: 18485708
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
With an aim to reveal the mechanism of protein-water interaction in a predominantly two phase model protein system this study investigates the frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric constant epsilon' and loss factor epsilon'' in cow horn keratin in the frequency range 30 Hz to 3 MHz and...
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PMID: 18275998
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Bioresource Technology (99)6 2008
Abstract
Aspergillus niger EBK-9 was isolated from soil sample. This isolate was evaluated for production of (R)-1-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-ethanol 2 from 1-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-ethanone 1. In this work, the production of the 2 was achieved via fermenter. Glucose, yeast extract and ram horn peptone as medium in fermente...
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PMID: 17531472
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We estimated heritability and intersexual genetic correlations for highly sexually dimorphic traits (horn volume and body mass) in a wild population of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) and quantified sex-specific selection using estimates of longevity and lifetime reproductive success. Body mass and...
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PMID: 18211870
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 2-yr-old female forest buffalo (Syncerus caffer nanus) presented with acute trauma to the right horn following a fight with a conspecific resulting in fracture and avulsion of the frontal bone, cornual process, horn, and juxtaposed skin. The animal was sedated for wound care and debridement follow...
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PMID: 18432102
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We investigated the roles of sex ratio (measured as operational sex ratio, OSR) and population density (measured as mean male crowding, a measure indicating the average number of conspecific males that an individual male animal will encounter) in determining horn presence in a community of South Afr...
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PMID: 18048281
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A case of malignant melanoma, originating at the base of the left horn, was diagnosed in a white 11-year-old Pygora doe. At necropsy, the goat had an ulcerated, black-pigmented, 2.5-cm mass at the base of the left horn. Firm masses diffusely black on the cut surface were present at the left horn bas...
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PMID: 18182522
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
The study investigated the population structure, diversity and differentiation of almost all of the ecotypes representing the African Ankole Longhorn cattle breed on the basis of morphometric (shape and size), genotypic and spatial distance data. Twentyone morphometric measurements were used to desc...
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PMID: 18694545
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Animal Reproduction Science (102)3-4 2007
Abstract
These results appear to support the hypothesis that high peripheral plasma levels of testosterone are linked with the seasonal arrest of horn growth during the rutting period....
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PMID: 17123755
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Veterinary Journal (48)12 2007
Abstract
These results suggest that veterinarians should take the initiative to educate their clients about the options for pain management....
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PMID: 18189045
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Zoological Science (24)11 2007
Abstract
We examined the scaling relationship between body size (prothorax width) and head horn length in 94 females and 76 males. These beetles were captured during July 1978 from a natural population on Mt. Aso in southwestern Japan using a light trap. Although the horn length of the females and males scal...
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PMID: 18348608
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Veterinary Journal (48)11 2007
Abstract
Data collected through a national, randomized mail survey (response rate 50%) were used to identify reasons why veterinarians were likely (i) to use analgesic drugs when dehorning calves, and (ii) to perceive dehorning without analgesia as very painful. Logistic regression analysis indicated that ve...
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PMID: 18050793
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
The results validate use of the EEG and a minimal anaesthesia model for assessment of noxious sensory inputs in cattle....
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PMID: 17676078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cow horn eye injuries are not common but are devastating causes of uniocular blindness amongst young active population. Early and appropriate intervention can save the life of the patient depending on the severity of the injury. This uncommon cause of unilateral visual loss can be prevented if slaug...
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PMID: 17902515
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Animal Reproduction Science (99)3-4 2007
Abstract
We collected morphometric horns data from a total of 59 mature males (9-15 years of age) that were legally hunted during rutting season. The testicles were recovered, and the collection of epididymal spermatozoa was done at different times after death (2-60 h). The percentage of motile spermatozoa,...
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PMID: 16846702
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I use the comparative method to quantify sexual and natural selection pressures behind interspecific variation in horn length. I show that male horn length depends on factors proposed to affect the mean mate number per mating male, correlating positively with group size and negatively with male terr...
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PMID: 17542842
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We bring together these two perspectives to show that they converge on very similar conclusions regarding beetle evolution. Horns do not appear to be difficult structures to gain or lose, and they can diverge both dramatically and rapidly in form. Although much of this work is still preliminary, we...
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PMID: 17494751
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Ecology (16)9 2007
Abstract
We investigated HFCs for horn growth, body mass and faecal counts of nematode eggs in wild Alpine ibex (Capra ibex). We also tested if individual inbreeding coefficients (f') estimated from microsatellite data were more strongly correlated with fitness traits than MLH. MLH was more strongly associat...
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PMID: 17444905
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of laser ablation ICP-MS for the high-resolution monitoring of trace elements in the horns of seaweed-eating sheep from North Ronaldsay, which live on grass only during lambing time. Due to this peculiar husbandry/dietary pattern and the fact that seaweed is rich in arsenic an...
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PMID: 17533823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used horn measurements from natural and hunted mortalities of male thinhorn sheep Ovis dalli from Yukon Territory, Canada, to examine the relationship between rapid growth early in life and longevity. We found that rapid growth was associated with reduced longevity for sheep aged 5 years and olde...
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PMID: 17305848
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We briefly review the biology of horned beetles and highlight the unusual opportunities they provide for evo-devo research. We then summarize recent advances in the development of new approaches and techniques that are now available to scientists interested in working with these organisms. We end by...
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PMID: 17651356
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Dehorning adult cattle is a surgical procedure causing distress of varying intensities that can be reflected in behavioural changes and alterations in plasma cortisol levels. Stress responses during the dehorning process were evaluated in 18 Red Pied cows. The cows were divided into 3 groups of six...
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PMID: 18085156
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Animal Genetics (37)6 2006
Abstract
We have constructed a BAC-based physical map of the interval containing the polled locus. Clones containing genes and markers in the critical interval were isolated from the TAMBT (constructed from Angus and Longhorn genomic DNA) and CHORI-240 (constructed from horned Hereford genomic DNA) BAC libra...
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PMID: 17121607
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use a genus of horned beetle, Onthophagus, to examine the trade-off between investment in testes required for fertilizations and investment in weapons used to obtain matings. In a within-species study, we prevented males from developing horns and found that these males grew larger and invested re...
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PMID: 17053078
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Morphology (267)10 2006
Abstract
The nasal and frontal horns of two individuals of Ceratotherium simum were examined by x-ray computed tomography (CT scanning), gross observation of sectioned horn, and light microscopy of histological sections of the horn tissue. CT scans of both sets of horns reveal a periodic band...
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PMID: 16823809
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report here an analysis of selection on horn phenotype in a feral population of Soay sheep (Ovis aries) on the island of Hirta, St. Kilda, Scotland. Soay sheep display a phenotypic polymorphism for horn type with males growing either normal or reduced (scurred) horns, and females growing either n...
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PMID: 17133873
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We assess the evolutionary history of Capra (i) using phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear genes located on the Y-chromosome and (ii) previously published and new cytochrome b sequences. For the Y-chromosome phylogeny, we sequenced segments from the amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) genes fro...
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PMID: 16757184
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I review the genetic, developmental, endocrine, and ecological basis of beetle horns, a morphological novelty that exhibits remarkable diversity both below and above the species level. Integrating from a variety of approaches three major insights emerge: the origin of beetle horns relied at least in...
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PMID: 16835592
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that this extraordinary diversity of horns can be distilled down to four trajectories of morphological change--horn location, shape, allometry and dimorphism--and we illustrate how the developmental mechanisms regulating horn growth could generate each of these types of horn evolution. Speci...
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PMID: 16850039
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Record (158)23 2006
Abstract
Abstract
Attacks on humans by wild animals causing fatal injuries are not uncommon in rural and forest areas of India. But death occurring due to attack by a wild boar is rare. As the victims of boar attack are usually recovered from dense forest areas, the investigating officers could be misled as to the na...
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PMID: 16263321
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Comptes Rendus Biologies (329)2 2006
Abstract
We describe a complete taxidermy mount, which presents astonishing morphological similarities with the kouprey. The animal was mounted in 1871 at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, where it was referenced as No. 1871-576. It was deposited at the Natural History Museum of Bourges, Franc...
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PMID: 16439342
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde (130)24 2005
Abstract
Abstract
We applied our models to identify what unknown object was made of....
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PMID: 16257757
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There was necrosis and haemorrhage of the skin, subcutaneous tissues and frontal bone at disbudding sites in all five kids examined post mortem. Beneath disbudding sites in 4/5 kids there were bilateral, dark red, often cavitated areas of necrosis extending deep into the frontal cortex of the brain....
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PMID: 16220135
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Ceratogaulus, a member of the extinct fossorial rodent clade Mylagaulidae, is the only known rodent with horns and the smallest known horned mammal. The function of the large, dorsally projecting nasal horns on this burrowing animal has been the subject of wide speculation among palaeontologists; su...
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PMID: 16087426
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Journal (169)3 2005
Abstract
Dehorning and disbudding are routine painful procedures carried out on cattle to facilitate management. The pain caused by these procedures and its alleviation may be evaluated by monitoring behaviour and physiological responses, and by measuring their effects on weight gain. The cortisol response t...
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PMID: 15848777
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterize the evolutionary radiation of one type of weapon: beetle horns. We use partial sequences from four nuclear and three mitochondrial genes to develop a phylogenetic hypothesis for a worldwide sample of 48 species from the dung beetle genus Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). We the...
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PMID: 16136805
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Haematoma of the vulva may occur following a trauma due to its highly vascular structure. We present a case of haematoma of the vulva caused by goring by a cow. The hymen and vaginal wall were also lacerated. Evacuation of the haematoma and repair of lacerated tissues were successfully performed.
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PMID: 15808390
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (88)4 2005
Abstract
These results indicate that dehorning with caustic paste combined with a sedative results in less pain to calves than dehorning with a hot iron combined with a sedative and a local anesthetic....
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PMID: 15778314
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This article discusses the different methods used for the correction of left displaced abomasum. The advantages, disadvantages, and success rates of each technique are reviewed. The most common complications are described, and the economics of repeat surgery after a failed left displaced abomasum re...
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PMID: 15718087
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Animal Reproduction Science (85)3-4 2005
Abstract
These results provide support for a possible role of PRL in the control of growth of horns in the adult mouflon....
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PMID: 15581509
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Hardness of bovine hoof horn was tested as ball indentation hardness and as shore D hardness post mortem in different segments of the hoof wall, in the sole and the hard bulb of sound claws of 10 Austrian Holstein Friesian cows. Both methods of hardness determination showed corresponding results, wi...
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PMID: 16048046
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde (129)23 2004
Abstract
Abstract
These results suggest that dehorning is a painful experience that lasts about 6 h and that local anaesthetic alleviates that pain during its period of action. It is recommended that local anaesthetic be administered when conducting amputation dehorning....
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PMID: 15977616
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.