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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms (13):
Recent article
Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms
Brain research (1407) 2011
Abstract
Serine proteases, serine protease inhibitors, and protease-activated receptors have been intensively investigated in the periphery and their roles in a wide range of processes-coagulation, inflammation, and digestion, for example-have been well characterized (see Coughlin, 2000; Macf...
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PMID: 21782155
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We review some of the major physiological, psychological, and behavioral changes after 6 months of CR in overweight otherwise healthy volunteers. Special emphasis is given to the first completed clinical studies that have investigated the effects of controlled, high-quality energy-restricted diets o...
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PMID: 20518700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review some of the major physiological, psychological, and behavioral changes after 6 months of CR in overweight otherwise healthy volunteers. Special emphasis is given to the first completed clinical studies that have investigated the effects of controlled, high-quality energy-restricted diets o...
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PMID: 20518700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the genetic association studies relating candidate genes with event-related potentials. This new and rapidly developing area may aid in elucidating the molecular basis of individual differences in cognitive abilities and broaden our knowledge ofne...
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PMID: 21961314
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cellular Signalling (22)10 2010
Abstract
Serotonin is an influential monoamine neurotransmitter that signals through a number of receptors to modulate brain function. Among different serotonin receptors, the serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors have been tied to a variety of physiological and pathological processes, notably in a...
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PMID: 20363322
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Pharmacology (21)5-6 2010
Abstract
We will discuss the latest findings on the specific or redundant roles of individual HDACs in the brain as well as the impact of HDAC function on complex behavior, with a focus on learning, memory formation, and affective behavior. Potential HDAC-mediated cellular mechanisms underlying those behavio...
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PMID: 20555253
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Theory in Biosciences (129)2-3 2010
Abstract
We examine the hypothesis that demographic changes caused cultural "cumulative adaptive evolution" and as such the emergence of modern symbolic behavior. This approach usefully explains the evolution of utilitarian skills and tools, and the creation of symbols to identify groups. However, it does no...
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PMID: 20556543
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
NeuroImage (51)4 2010
Abstract
We examined the neural basis of extraordinary empathy and altruistic motivation in African-American and Caucasian-American individuals using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Our results indicate that empathy for ingroup members is neurally distinct from empathy for humankind, more generally. P...
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PMID: 20302945
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Several lines of evidence implicate a dysregulation of the serotonin (5-HT) system in emotional behavior and stress, and point to its relevance for the etiology and pathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric disorders. This is evidenced by behavioral pharmacology as well as genetic studies, yet the im...
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PMID: 20217633
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Processes (84)1 2010
Abstract
An evolutionary theory of behavior dynamics and a theory of neuronal group selection share a common selectionist framework. The theory of behavior dynamics instantiates abstractly the idea that behavior is selected by its consequences. It implements Darwinian principles of selection, reproduction, a...
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PMID: 19941941
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tobacco Control (19)2 2010
Abstract
Tobacco manufacturers successfully developed objective, EEG-based techniques to evaluate the influence of product characteristics on acceptance and use. Internal results suggest that complex interactions between pharmacological, sensory and behavioural factors mediate the brain changes that occur wi...
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PMID: 20378591
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Caffeine is the most commonly self-administered psychoactive substance worldwide. At usual doses, the effects of caffeine on vigilance, attention, mood and arousal largely depend on the modulation of central adenosine receptors. The present review article describes the action of caff...
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PMID: 20087854
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We suggest that dual control of the amygdala by separate prefrontal modules increases the flexibility of an organism's response to danger cues.
(c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20303254
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biological Bulletin (218)2 2010
Abstract
We found that this nudibranch contains the furanosesquiterpenoid tavacpallescensin, most probably derived from sponges of the genus Dysidea, upon which it probably feeds. The metabolite concentrations were measured from samples of the mantle rim, other external parts, and internal organs. Concentrat...
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PMID: 20413794
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The neuropeptide hypocretin is synthesized exclusively in the lateral hypothalamus and participates in many brain functions critical for animal survival, particularly in the promotion and maintenance of arousal in animals - a core process in animal behaviours. Consistent with its aro...
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PMID: 19785627
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Orexin/hypocretin neurones in the posterior hypothalamus are mutually connected with noradrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, histaminergic, and cholinergic neurone systems. They activate these targets by direct post-synaptic and indirect pre-synaptic mechanisms and in turn receive...
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PMID: 19566795
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesize that the directionality of the tissue mechanical response is primarily due to collagen orientation in the cervical stroma, and provides an interpretation of our mechanical findings consistent with the literature data on preferential collagen alignment....
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PMID: 20370240
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Discovery medicine (9)45 2010
Abstract
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) have a variety of mechanisms of action which are reflected through different anticonvulsant activities and behavioral effects. Two categories of AEDs are considered based on psychotropic profile. The first group is characterized by potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid...
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PMID: 20193640
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Osmotic pressure and associated residual stresses play important roles in cartilage development and biomechanical function. The curling behavior of articular cartilage was believed to be the combination of results from the osmotic pressure derived from fixed negative charges on proteoglycans and the...
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PMID: 20370250
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although the overall bulk properties of the Achilles tendon have been measured, there is little information detailing the properties of individual fascicles or their interactions. The knowledge of biomechanical properties at the fascicle-scale is critical in understanding the biomechanical behavior...
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PMID: 20370241
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The majority of individuals with obesity develop insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, gout, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, approximately 10-25% of obese individuals are metabolically healthy most likely due to preserved insulin sensitivity. Recent studies suggest tha...
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PMID: 19915462
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results confirm the role of the right temporoparietal cortex in the genesis of anosognosia and suggest that, in clinical syndromes of the frontotemporal dementia spectrum, anosognosia is associated with the dysfunction of temporoparietal mechanisms of self versus others knowledge.
2010 S. Karg...
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PMID: 20150729
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Anesthesia & Analgesia (110)1 2010
Abstract
BPS scores during painful procedures were significantly higher than those at rest, both in deeply sedated patients (5.1 [4.8-5.5] vs 3.4 [3.3-3.5], respectively) and conscious sedated patients (5.4 [4.9-5.9] vs 3.8 [3.5-4.1], respectively) (mean [95% confidence interval]). For both groups, scores ob...
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PMID: 19897804
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Psychologist (65)2 2010
Abstract
Evolutionary psychology has emerged over the past 15 years as a major theoretical perspective, generating an increasing volume of empirical studies and assuming a larger presence within psychological science. At the same time, it has generated critiques and remains controversial among some psycholog...
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PMID: 20141266
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The importance of mind-body health relationships has been recognized for decades, but only recently has the wider medical and cardiovascular community become engaged in understanding and addressing the complex, bidirectional risk relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression. Furt...
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PMID: 19863474
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
American Psychologist (64)7 2009
Abstract
Cerebellum (8)3 2009
Abstract
State estimation has emerged as the keystone in determining the cerebellar contribution to motor control. Clinical, experimental, and neuroimaging data converge to focus on cerebellar multisensory information processing as the mechanism allowing to correctly establish the body state needed for movem...
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PMID: 19455379
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Salvia divinorum is a naturally occurring psychedelic considered to be one of the most potent hallucinogens found to date. The few behavioral studies conducted conclude that Salvia's effects may be similar to traditional psychedelics, which is noteworthy because Salvia acts via a unique molecular me...
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PMID: 19999674
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report an investigation of P300 measures of information processing in patients with generalized epilepsy of the absence type and those with complex partial epilepsy. Studies have demonstrated that absence patients perform more poorly than complex partial patients on behavioral tests of sustained...
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PMID: 19414047
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There are a limited number of studies evaluating the relationship between racism and child health. Most studies, to date, show relationships between perceived racism and behavioral and mental health. Future studies need to include more ethnically diverse minority groups and needs to consider studyin...
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PMID: 19525720
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We designed an educational model to help healthcare educators and learners visualize reflection. We posit that it can provide a greater understanding of what reflection is, how it works and how to facilitate its development and use by individuals. As a metaphor we used the angler's (fisherman's) flo...
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PMID: 19953440
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The evidence suggests that EH as seen during SDB causes damage to the brain with specific areas of gray- and white-matter loss, alteration in autonomic and motor regulation, and damage to higher cognitive functions. While there is evidence of spontaneous reactive mechanisms, it is not clear if they...
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PMID: 19411520
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neural Networks (22)3 2009
Abstract
We think with words, or do we use words to communicate made-up decisions? The paper briefly reviews ideas in this area since 1950s. Then we discuss mechanisms of cognition, recent neuroscience experiments, and corresponding mathematical models. These models are interpreted in terms of a biological d...
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PMID: 19419838
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss the reasons for this apparent bias in age of experimental animals, and illustrate the problem with a systematic review of published articles on long-term potentiation. Additionally, we review the developmental stages of a rat and discuss the difficulty of using the weight of an animal as...
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PMID: 19291226
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have expanded upon findings from the basic science literature implicating cytokine-induced changes in monoamine metabolism as a primary pathway to depression. More specifically, a role for serotonin metabolism has been supported by the clinical efficacy of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in blockin...
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PMID: 18793712
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tackle both, using a paradigm of social dominance and subordination. We first review data on the effects of different ranks within a stable hierarchical relationship. Submissive mice in this condition display more anxiety-like behaviors, have decreased innate immunity, and show a decreased resist...
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PMID: 19236334
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroimmunomodulation (16)2 2009
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii infects approximately 30% of the world's population, but causes overt clinical symptoms in only a small proportion of people. In recent years, the ability of the parasite to manipulate the behaviour of infected mice and rats and alter personality attributes of humans has been repor...
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PMID: 19212132
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mammalian Genome (20)9-10 2009
Abstract
We discuss recent advances in our understanding of how epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the formation of long-term memory and drug-seeking behavior and potentially how to apply that knowledge to the extinction of memory and drug-seeking behavior....
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PMID: 19789849
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one of several recently-developed acceptance-based cognitive behavioral treatments which broaden the scope of CBT. The theory underlying ACT suggests that verbal representations generated by the human mind inevitably increase the psychological presence of p...
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PMID: 20635779
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the personality disorder section of the DSM-V research agenda, the authors stress the need for studies on the relevance of a change from diagnostic categorical models to dimensional ones. These studies should identify the underlying genetic and neurobiologic mechanisms and appropriate representat...
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PMID: 19533431
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present a common model of antisocial and borderline personality development. We begin by reviewing issues and problems with diagnosing and studying PDs in children and adolescents. Next, we discuss dopaminergic and serotonergic mechanisms of trait impulsivity as predisposing vulnerabilities to AS...
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PMID: 19583882
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A systematic review of scientific experimentation addressing olfactory effects on mood, physiology and behavior was undertaken. From this review, 18 studies meeting stringent empirical criteria were then analyzed in detail and it was found that credible evidence that odors can affect mood, physiolog...
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PMID: 19125379
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Superantigens (SAgs) activate the immune system by stimulating massive proliferation of T cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-dependent manner. This excessive increase in T cells results in the release of cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), and tumor ne...
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PMID: 19273359
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study suggests that education and occupation act as proxies for reserve capacity in bvFTD. These lifestyle attainments may counteract the onset of this genetic-based disease in at-risk individuals....
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PMID: 19690415
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a set of treatments that focus on altering thoughts, sensations, emotions and behaviors by addressing identified maintenance mechanisms such as distorted thinking or avoidance. The current article describes the history of CBT and provides a description of many o...
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PMID: 20635770
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The focus here is on research involving long-term calorie restriction (CR) to prevent or delay the incidence of the metabolic syndrome with age. The current societal environment is marked by overabundant accessibility of food coupled with a strong trend to reduced physical activity,...
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PMID: 19346773
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review the most important elements of an interceptive action from the sensory and cognitive stage to the motor side of this behavior. We describe different spatial and temporal target parameters that can be used to control the interception movement, as well as the different strategies used by the...
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PMID: 19227501
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The success of forward genetic (from phenotype to gene) approaches to uncover genes that drive the molecular mechanism of circadian clocks and control circadian behavior has been unprecedented. Links among genes, cells, neural circuits, and circadian behavior have been uncovered in the Drosophila an...
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PMID: 18988844
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The remarkable versatility of the mammalian brain is made possible by a huge diversity of cellular plasticity mechanisms. These include long-term potentiation and depression at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, as well as a variety of intrinsic and homeostatic plasticity mechanisms. A fundame...
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PMID: 18995822
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Georgian medical news ()164 2008
Abstract
To study the involvement of angiotensin III in the development of alcoholism and other types of behavioural activity the research on 24 male rats of Vistar species with 180-250 g weight was conducted. Alcoholic motivation was created by alcoholic beverage consisting of 20% ethyl alcohol water soluti...
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PMID: 19075352
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Hypotheses (71)5 2008
Abstract
Bipedal locomotion and fine motility of hand and larynx of humans introduced musculoskeletal adaptations, new pyramidal, corticostriatal, corticobulbar, nigrostriatal, and cerebellar pathways and expansions of prefrontal, cingular, parieto-temporal and occipital cortices with derived new brain capab...
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PMID: 18703290
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Concealed Information Test (CIT) requires the examinee to deceptively deny recognition of known stimuli and to truthfully deny recognition of unknown stimuli. Because deception and orienting are typically coupled, it is unclear how exactly these sub-processes affect the physiological responses m...
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PMID: 18674573
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined this distinction by using an item-recognition task. The results show that the item in the focus of attention is represented by increased activation in inferior temporal representational cortices relative to other information in short-term memory. Functional connectivity analyses suggest...
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PMID: 18757724
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Brain Research (192)1 2008
Abstract
We describe recent findings on the role and mechanisms of epigenetic codes in the brain, and discuss their implication in synaptic plasticity, cognitive functions and psychiatric disorders. We provide examples of transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic marks that affect simple morphological trai...
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PMID: 18353453
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Research that combines genetic and cognitive neuroscience data aims to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie human behaviour and experience by way of 'intermediate phenotypes': variations in brain function. Using neuroimaging and other methods, this approach is poised to make the transition from he...
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PMID: 19143051
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Topography (21)1 2008
Abstract
We review the existing evidence on the state-dependency of TMS and propose how its systematic study can provide unique insights into brain function and significantly enhance the effectiveness of TMS in investigations on the neural basis of perception and cognition. We also describe novel approaches...
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PMID: 18791818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that older adults exhibit a selective deficit in suppressing task-irrelevant information during visual working memory encoding, but only in the early stages of visual processing. Thus, the employment of suppressive mechanisms are not abolished with aging but rather delayed in time, revealing...
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PMID: 18765818
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In October 2006, the Society for Women's Health Research convened a workshop that focused on the behavioral and social influences on obesity in women across the life span with an emphasis on ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and mental health. The purposes of the workshop were to examine the current...
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PMID: 18667900
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our analyses revealed that the presentation of congruent visual letters led to a behavioral improvement in identifying speech sounds, which was paralleled by a similar modulation of cortical responses in the left superior temporal sulcus. Under low visual noise, cortical responses in superior tempor...
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PMID: 18702722
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
NeuroImage (41)4 2008
Abstract
We measured BOLD responses in the somatosensory system during unilateral electric stimulation of the right median nerve and additionally determined the current perception threshold of the left index finger during right-sided electrical median nerve stimulation as a quantitative measure of sensory fu...
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PMID: 18495495
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.