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Blood-Testis Barrier (0):
Recent article
Blood-Testis Barrier
Abstract
The testis is an immunological privileged tissue as evidenced by its ability to support grafts with minimal rejection. Immune privilege is essential for the tolerance of neo-antigens from developing germ cells that appear after the constitution of self-tolerance, but imposes the paradoxical task of...
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PMID: 20941627
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
In mammalian testes, the blood-testis barrier (BTB) or Sertoli cell barrier created by specialized junctions between Sertoli cells near the basement membrane confers an immunological barrier by sequestering the events of meiotic division and postmeiotic germ cell development from the systemic circul...
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PMID: 20921394
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We will discuss this important autocrine-based cellular axis that parallels the hormonal-based hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis that regulates spermatogenesis. This local regulatory axis is the emerging target for male contraception....
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PMID: 20571538
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report herein a mechanism involving restricted spatial and temporal expression of Arp2/3 complex and N-WASP, whose actin branching activity associated with apical ES and BTB restructuring in the seminiferous epithelium. High expression of Arp3 at the apical ES was shown to correlate with spermati...
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PMID: 20534520
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the testis, the blood-testis barrier (BTB) is constituted by specialized junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells in the seminiferous epithelium near the basement membrane. Although the BTB is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers in the mammalian body, it undergoes extensive restructuring at...
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PMID: 20534521
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology (315)1-2 2010
Abstract
We provide an update on these latest findings for an emerging new concept regarding the presence of a local "apical ectoplasmic specialization-blood-testis barrier-hemidesmosome/basement membrane" functional axis that regulates the events of spermiation and blood-testis barrier (BTB) restructuring v...
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PMID: 19682538
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Aromatase, the enzyme responsible for the transformation of androgens into oestrogens, is encoded by the cyp19 gene expressed in the testis. The aim of the present study was to analyse the evolution of aromatase gene expression under FSH control in rat Sertoli cells between 10 and 30 days post partu...
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PMID: 20188023
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The epididymis is an excellent target for the development of a male contraceptive. This is because the process of sperm maturation occurs in this organ; spermatozoa become motile and are able to recognise and fertilise an egg once they have traversed the epididymal duct. However, a number of attempt...
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PMID: 20839090
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously established an experimental model of autoimmune orchitis (EAO) by means of immunization with testicular germ cells (TGC) alone in mice and confirmed that the disease can be transferred to mice that had received CD4+ but not CD8+ or B lymphocytes obtained from TGC-immunized donor mice....
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PMID: 20033369
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We summarize recent findings in the field regarding the significance of FAK in conferring BTB integrity based on some unexpected observations. We also critically discuss the role of FAK in regulating the timely "opening" and "closing" of the BTB to facilitate the transit of primary preleptotene sper...
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PMID: 19823026
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We critically discuss recent data in the field that have demonstrated the Cd-induced toxicity to the testis is probably the result of interactions of a complex network of causes. This is likely to involve the disruption of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) via specific signal transduction pathways and...
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PMID: 19236889
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FASEB Journal (23)8 2009
Abstract
In the seminiferous epithelium, Eps8 is localized to actin-based cell junctions at the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and the apical ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in stage V-VI tubules but is considerably diminished in stage VIII tubules. Eps8 down-regulation coincides with the time of BTB restructuri...
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PMID: 19293393
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our new biochemical model explains, in part, how two distinct cellular events, BTB restructuring and spermiation, are coordinated to maintain spermatogenesis and fertility. In this way, MAPKs would synchronize cell cycle progression in primary spermatocytes with junction remodeling and cell migratio...
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PMID: 19535250
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (150)7 2009
Abstract
We report herein that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a putative interacting partner of occludin, but not claudin-11 or junctional adhesion molecule-A. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence microscopy studies illustrated that the expression of FAK in the seminiferous epithelium of adult rat testes wa...
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PMID: 19213829
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss recent progress in the development of TJ modulators and the possibility of absorption enhancers and drug-delivery systems based on TJ components....
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PMID: 19413458
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Kanatsu-Shinohara et al. (2008) show that beta1-integrin participates in normal spermatogenesis and is required for spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) homing to the basal membrane niche. The methodology used provides a powerful tool to study the role of other factors in...
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PMID: 18983958
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated here whether the BTB is physiologically penetrated by lymphocytes in mice. We performed light and electron microscopical observation of the seminiferous tubules (ST), the TR and the RT in normal C3H/IHe mice. Although no lymphocytes were observed inside the ST, a very few lymphocytes...
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PMID: 19227199
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I re-examine the BTBs of boar and experimental cryptorchid mouse testes by transmission electron microscope (TEM). TEM analysis showed that an atypical basal compartment existed in the thin seminiferous epithelium of 14-day post-cryptorchid mice testes. In developmental boar testes, ectoplasmic spec...
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PMID: 18544902
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
EMBO Journal (27)17 2008
Abstract
We show that deletion of delta6-fatty acid desaturase (FADS2) gene expression in the mouse abolishes the initial step in the enzymatic cascade of PUFA synthesis. The lack of PUFAs and eicosanoids does not impair the normal viability and lifespan of male and female fads2 -/- mice, but causes sterilit...
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PMID: 19172737
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Par3/Par6/aPKC and the CRB3/Pals1/PATJ polarity complexes are involved in regulating apical ectoplasmic specialization (ES) and blood-testis barrier (BTB) restructuring in the testis. Par6 was a component of the apical ES and the BTB. However, its level was considerably diminished at both sites...
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PMID: 18621709
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results were corroborated by transient overexpression of laminin fragments in Sertoli cells. To further assess the role of beta1-integrin in hemidesmosome, knockdown of beta1-integrin in Sertoli cells by RNAi was found to associate with occludin redistribution at the Sertoli-Sertoli cell inter...
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PMID: 18579774
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
After the exposure to exogenous estrogens, the FasL expression was markedly up-regulated in the immature Sertoli cells (P < 0.05) as well as in the Sertoli cell membrane and the blood-testis barrier of the epithelium. The tracer lanthanum passed through the blood-testis barrier and reached the whole...
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PMID: 18686377
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Testicular interstitial edema, vascular congestion or hyperemia with accumulation of plasma proteins and red blood cells in the inner compartment of seminiferous tubules were observed after exposure to HPM. The above-mentioned pathological changes were aggravated at 1-7 d and relieved at 14 d after...
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PMID: 18686375
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FASEB Journal (22)6 2008
Abstract
We now report findings on a novel mechanism utilized by the testes to regulate these events. Using cell surface protein biotinylation coupled with immunoblotting and immunofluorescent microscopy, we assessed the kinetics of endocytosis and recycling of BTB-associated integral membrane proteins: occl...
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PMID: 18192323
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Reproduction (135)6 2008
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effect of gonadotrophin suppression and FSH replacement on testicular tight junction dynamics and blood-testis barrier (BTB) organisation in vivo, utilising the seasonal breeding Djungarian hamster. Confocal immunohistology was used to assess the cellular organisation...
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PMID: 18502899
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The increased human use of cadmium (Cd) and its increased occurrence in the environment is of concern. The testis is sensitive to Cd because of the steroid-mediated regulation of spermatogenesis, high levels of DNA synthesis and gene transcription, all of which varies in a stage-related manner. Vali...
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PMID: 17557368
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biology of Reproduction (78)3 2008
Abstract
Throughout spermatogenesis, leptotene spermatocytes must traverse the blood-testis barrier (BTB) at stages VIII-XI to gain entry into the adluminal compartment for continued development. However, the mechanism underlying BTB restructuring remains somewhat elusive. In this study, interleukin 1 alpha...
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PMID: 18057314
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have investigated the changes of Fe, Cu, and Zn distribution in Cd-exposed testis by a newly developed in air micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) method. Also, we examined the distribution of MT expression in testis. In the testis of Cd-treated rats with significant increases of lipid pe...
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PMID: 17443291
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We aimed to isolate occludin cDNAs and obtained two kinds of occludin partial cDNAs (occludin 1 and 2) encoding the putative second extracellular loop. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence studies using antibodies against peptides each corresponding to a part of the second extracellular loop of occludi...
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PMID: 17342736
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review here the micro-status of testicular tissues in mice from the viewpoint of induction of inflammatory cell responses. Many studies have demonstrated that the testis is the most resistant to various forms of non-autoimmune inflammation among the male reproductive organs. However, it was found...
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PMID: 18154596
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We postulate the testis is using a similar mechanism during spermatogenesis at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle that these induced basal ES proteins, likely form a "patch" surrounding the BTB, transiently maintain the BTB integrity while TJ is "opened", such as induced by TGF-b3 or TNFa, to facili...
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PMID: 19856171
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The transcription factor Ets-variant gene 5 (ETV5) is essential for spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) self-renewal, as the targeted deletion of the Etv5 gene in mice (Etv5(-/-)) results in only the first wave of spermatogenesis. Reciprocal transplants of neonatal germ cells from wild-type (WT) and Etv5...
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PMID: 17911411
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (148)11 2007
Abstract
We find that CAR is a previously unknown downstream target for FSH because CAR mRNA levels were induced in primary cultures of FSH-stimulated Sertoli cells. In contrast to other epithelia, CAR is not a general component of tight junctions in the seminiferous epithelium, and Sertoli cells in the adul...
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PMID: 17690169
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have made significant progress in understanding epididymal function and the blood-epididymal barrier, using animal models, there is limited information on the human epididymis. If we are to understand the normal and pathological conditions attributable to human epididymal function, we must clearl...
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PMID: 17589783
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied the kinetics of [(14)C]urea distribution in UT-B-null mice versus wild-type mice. After renal blood flow was disrupted, [(14)C]urea distribution was selectively reduced in testis in UT-B-null mice. Under basal conditions, total testis urea content was 335.4 +/- 43.8 microg in UT-B-null mi...
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PMID: 17475664
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Reproduction (133)6 2007
Abstract
Claudin-11 and occludin are protein components in tight junctions (TJs) between Sertoli cells which are important for the maintenance of the blood-testis barrier. Barrier formation occurs during puberty, with evidence suggesting hormonal regulation of both claudin-11 and occludin. This study aimed t...
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PMID: 17636171
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biology of Reproduction (76)6 2007
Gene expression profiling and its relevance to the blood-epididymal barrier in the human epididymis.
Abstract
We identified 2980 genes that were differentially expressed by at least 2-fold between the various segments. Of the many genes involved in diverse functions, were those that encoded adhesion proteins (cadherins and catenins) and tight junctional proteins (claudins [CLDN] and others). PCR analyses co...
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PMID: 17287494
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In adult rat testes, the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in the seminiferous epithelium must "open" (or "disassemble") to accommodate the migration of preleptotene spermatocytes from the basal to the adluminal compartment that occurs at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle. However, the molecule(s) and/or...
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PMID: 17360440
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Investigacion clinica (48)1 2007
Abstract
The pathogenesis of male infertility can be reflected in alterations of spermatogenesis caused by testicular cancer, aplasia of the germinal cells, varicocele, environmental factors or defect in the transport of the sperms, among others. In general, 48% of men suffer unexplained infertility. During...
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PMID: 17432549
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report here that dynamin 3 in the testis is associated with structures termed tubulobulbar complexes that internalize intact intercellular junctions during sperm release and turnover of the blood-testis barrier. The protein lies adjacent to an actin-Arp2/3 network that cuffs the double plasma mem...
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PMID: 17133358
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FASEB Journal (21)2 2007
Abstract
The blood-testis barrier (BTB) is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers in mammals. As such, it poses a challenge to deliver any drugs to the seminiferous epithelium of the testis, such as a nonhormonal male contraceptive. To circumvent this problem, a genetically engineered follicle-stimulating...
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PMID: 17167075
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemotherapy (53)6 2007
Abstract
The toxicity of some metal-based antineoplastic drugs on the BTB may not only affect male reproductive health, but also alert for the possible injury within other biological barriers.
(c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel....
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PMID: 17957098
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We here investigated the localization and physiological roles of endocytic proteins, amphiphysin 1 and dynamin 2, at TBCs. We demonstrated by immunofluorescence that the endocytic proteins were concentrated at TBCs, where they colocalized with cytoskeletal proteins, such as actin and vinculin. Immun...
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PMID: 17785912
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Reproduction (133)1 2007
Abstract
We report the establishment of such a system. We injected the androgen antagonists, flutamide and vinclozolin, directly into seminiferous tubules of live mice, which had been treated with busulfan for a temporal arrest of spermatogenesis, and the testes were histologically examined to see the effect...
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PMID: 17244729
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Archives of Andrology (53)1 2007
Varicocele-induced testicular dysfunction may be associated with disruption of blood-testis barrier.
Abstract
I varicocele was detected in 30 (59%), grade II in 15 (29%) and grade III in 6 (12%) patients. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin at the junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells was demonstrated in 100% and 90% of the patients with varicocele, respectively. In those with grade I-III...
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PMID: 17364465
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss herein the mechanisms that maintain the cross-talk between ES and blood-testis barrier to facilitate cell movement and orientation in the seminiferous epithelium....
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PMID: 17187371
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell and Tissue Research (327)1 2007
Abstract
We describe previously unknown expression patterns and the localisation and molecular characteristics of alpha-DB isoforms in non-muscle mouse tissues. We demonstrate a highly specific sub-cellular distribution of alpha-DB in organs forming blood-tissue barriers. We show alpha-DB expression and loca...
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PMID: 16868787
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We characterized the transport systems of organic cations in Sertoli cells. Uptake of [14C]tetraethylammonium (TEA) was measured by primary-cultured rat Sertoli cells. Initial uptake of TEA was concentration dependent, and an Eadie-Hofstee plot indicated the involvement of two saturable transport sy...
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PMID: 17616214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the expression and distribution pattern of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens (ZO) 1 and 2 in normal seminiferous tubules compared to tubules showing CIS. In normal tubules, ZO-1 and ZO-2 immunostaining was observed at the blood-testis barrier region of adjacent Sertoli cel...
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PMID: 17217619
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endocrinology (191)3 2006
Abstract
In adult rat testes, blood-testis barrier (BTB) restructuring facilitates the migration of preleptotene spermatocytes from the basal to the adluminal compartment that occurs at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle. Structural proteins at the BTB must utilize an efficient mechanism (e.g. endocytosis) t...
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PMID: 17170215
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell and Tissue Research (325)3 2006
Abstract
We have used the vital dye acridine orange and a novel fluorescence staining technique to study this model to determine (1) the efficacy of these methods in assays of apoptosis and blood-testis barrier function, (2) the sensitivity of the various spermatogonial generations in Squalus to cadmium (as...
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PMID: 16596392
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endocrinology (190)2 2006
Abstract
The timely restructuring of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) that facilitates the migration of preleptotene and leptotene spermatocytes from the basal to the adluminal compartment in the seminiferous epithelium of adult rat testes, which occurs at late stage VII through early stage VIII of the epithel...
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PMID: 16899565
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have identified mRNA transcripts for Cldn-3 through -9 in each region of the adult rat epididymis. Immunolocalization of Cldn-3, Cldn-4, and Cldn-5 were done in adult as well as in 42- and 14-day-old rats. Cldn-5 in adult rats was localized exclusively in blood vessels of the interstitium. Cldn-3...
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PMID: 16489631
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have already shown that concentrative and equilibrative nucleoside transporters are expressed and are functional in primary-cultured rat Sertoli cells as a BTB model, but little is known about nucleobase transport at the BTB or about the genes encoding specific nucleobase transporters in mammalia...
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PMID: 16368787
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have investigated the expression of C3/C5 convertase CReg and C3 in the normal rat testis at different ages and different spermatogenetic stages, as well as in rats in which spermatogenesis and the BTB were impaired due to a developmental deficit. Immature testis, prior to BTB formation at pubert...
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PMID: 16380167
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The in vivo injection of cadmium (Cd) was reported to induce blood-testis barrier disruption, and assumed to be an experimental model to examine junctional structures in seminiferous tubules. The purpose of this study is to investigate time-dependent changes of albumin permeability in the normal or...
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PMID: 16267785
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Anatomy (207)6 2005
Abstract
We compared seminiferous epithelial cytology in adult hpg, immature and adult wild-type mice using unbiased optical disector-based stereology, immunolocalization of Sertoli cell microtubules (MT), espin (a component of the blood-testis barrier), markers of Sertoli cell maturity (p27(kip1) and WT-1),...
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PMID: 16367806
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used microarray gene expression profiling to identify genes with altered transcript levels in a mouse model for conditional androgen insensitivity. We show that testosterone, acting through its receptor expressed in Sertoli cells, regulates the expression of claudin 3, which encodes a transient c...
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PMID: 16275920
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.