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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Gastrointestinal Tract (5):
Recent article
Gastrointestinal Tract
Neurogastroenterology and Motility (23 Suppl 1) 2011
Abstract
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ISME Journal (5)7 2011
Abstract
We explored the interactions of two spirochetes previously isolated from the very same termite species. As hydrogen (H(2)) is the central free intermediate in termite-gut lignocellulose digestion, we focused on interactions between two closely related termite-gut spirochetes possessing complementary...
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PMID: 21326336
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Current Diabetes Reports (11)3 2011
Abstract
We focused on the state of the art that supports a link between the gut microbiota composition and activity, and the management of glycemia associated with overweight and diabetes. Several microbial-derived compounds are related to disturbances of glucose homeostasis including the gram-negative-deri...
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PMID: 21431853
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cocoa, especially the water-insoluble cocoa fraction (WICF), is a rich source of polyphenols. In this study, sequential in vitro digestion of the WICF with gastrointestinal enzymes as well as its bacterial fermentation in a human colonic model system were carried out to investigate b...
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PMID: 21294250
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We used a metabolomics approach to generate unbiased small-molecule metabolic profiles in plasma that predict risk for CVD. Three metabolites of the dietary lipid phosphatidylcholine--choline, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and betaine--were identified and then shown to predict risk for CVD in an ind...
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PMID: 21475195
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a range of disorders characterized by excess accumulation of triglyceride within the liver. While simple steatosis may be clinically stable, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can be progressive. Inflammation is believed to be the d...
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PMID: 21476914
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report the detection of longitudinal motion in mammalian intestine using an FBG technique that should be viable for similar detection in humans. The longitudinal sensors have been combined with our previously reported FBG pressure sensing elements to form a composite catheter that allows the rela...
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PMID: 20575106
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nippon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine (69 Suppl 2) 2011
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a probiotic supplement during 4 mo of winter training in men and women engaged in endurance-based physical activities on incidence of upper respiratory-tract infections (URTIs) and immune markers. Eighty-four highly active indiv...
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PMID: 21411836
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
ISME Journal (5)2 2011
Abstract
We describe here the role of muramidases present in clones of metagenomic DNA that result in cell aggregation and biofilm formation by Escherichia coli. The metagenomic clones were obtained from uncultured Lachnospiraceae-affiliated bacteria resident in the foregut microbiome of the Tammar wallaby....
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PMID: 20668486
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Nutrition (105)2 2011
Abstract
We characterise the sPLA2 IB gene in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and describe its ontogeny at the genetic and protein level and compare this to the total sPLA2 activity level. A positive correlation was found between the expression of sPLA2 IB mRNA and protein. Both remained stable and low during th...
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PMID: 20836903
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present the case of an 8-year-old boy with HES. He complained of recurrent abdominal pain, general fatigue, and diarrhea. Laboratory data showed marked eosinophilia, elevated total IgE with positive specific IgE antibodies to common inhalant and food allergens, and elevated serum CCL17/TARC. A ch...
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PMID: 21646806
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medicine (Baltimore) (90)1 2011
Abstract
The term "chronic periaortitis" (CP), proposed by Mitchinson in 1984, comprises 3 main entities: idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF), inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms (IAAAs), and perianeurysmal retroperitoneal fibrosis (PRF).The presence of constitutional symptoms, high acute-phase rea...
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PMID: 21200184
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology (29)2 Suppl 65 2011
Abstract
We evaluated the internal consistency reliability and construct validity by exploring associations between the UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 and SF-36 scales. Patients were also classified into two groups based on unintended weight loss within the past 6 months (≥5% vs. <5% of total body weight)....
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PMID: 21586213
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology (29)2 Suppl 65 2011
Probiotics for the treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated gastrointestinal bloating/ distention.
Abstract
We compared the GIT 2.0 scores at baseline and after 2 months of use of Align (bifidobacterium infantis; 109 CFU per capsule) or Culturelle (lactobacillus GG; 109 CFU per capsule) using paired t-test and calculated effect size (ES).
Significant improvement in total GIT 2.0 score (ES...
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PMID: 21586214
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have probed the systemic metabolic adaptation to gut colonization for 20 days following exposure of axenic mice (n = 35) to a typical environmental microbial background using high-resolution (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to analyze urine, plasma, liver, kidney, and colon (5 t...
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PMID: 21363910
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gut Microbes (2)1 2011
Abstract
Salmonella is a common cause of food poisoning. However, after ingestion the pathogen has to compete with resident microbes that already occupy the intestinal lumen (microbiota), which poses a challenge for Salmonella to successfully colonize this niche. Recent data show that Salmone...
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PMID: 21637020
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gut Microbes (2)1 2011
Abstract
Dientamoeba fragilis is a protozoan that inhabits the human gut. It is approximately 100 years since Dientamoeba's discovery and first description when it was described as a rare and harmless commensal. Since then it has struggled to gain recognition as a pathogen despite the evidenc...
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PMID: 21637013
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We generated SMC-specific Dicer null animals that express the reporter, green fluorescence protein, in a SMC-specific manner. SMC-specific knockout of Dicer prevented SMC miRNA biogenesis, causing dramatic changes in phenotype, function, and global gene expression in SMCs: the mutant mice developed...
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PMID: 21533178
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gut Microbes (2)1 2011
Abstract
We and others have shown in mouse models that colonic bacteria also influence the development of extraintestinal cancers including hepatocellular and mammary carcinomas. Microbes such as Helicobacter hepaticus invoke a proinflammatory microenvironment in the lower bowel that may extend to distant or...
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PMID: 21637019
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Physiologica (201)1 2011
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is fundamental for the intake of fluid and electrolytes and accommodates a large proportion of bodily hemodynamics and host defence systems. Despite that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a prominent regulatory system for fluid and electrolyte home...
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PMID: 20626369
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Annals of Surgery (252)6 2010
Abstract
To assess bowel function and gastrointestinal quality of life among adults with operated Hirschsprung's disease (HD).
Outcomes of HD extending to adulthood are unclear; bowel function and quality of life may deteriorate by aging.
Bowel function and gastrointestinal quality of life were cross-section...
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PMID: 21107107
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have basic understandings of the control and value of carotenoids in some wild animal systems, many gaps remain. For example, parasites and pathogens impose severe survival constraints on free-ranging organisms, but little is known of how carotenoids work in concert with the immune system to comb...
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PMID: 20637173
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have proposed a series of cartoons that rallied multidisciplinary translational research teams around common themes to generate "win-win" hypotheses that when tested (right or wrong) have advanced our understanding of MOF. MOF has a bimodal trajectory, and the gut plays a role in both trajectorie...
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PMID: 21146000
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Postinjury multiple organ failure (MOF) is the net result of a dysfunctional immune response to injury characterized by a hyperactive innate system and a suppressed adaptive system. Acute lung injury (ALI) is the first clinical manifestation of organ failure, followed by renal and hepatic dysfunctio...
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PMID: 21146002
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Nature Medicine (16)12 2010
Abstract
We observed increased ATP concentrations in the peritoneal fluid after total body irradiation, and during the development of GVHD in mice and in humans. Stimulation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with ATP led to increased expression of CD80 and CD86 in vitro and in vivo and actuated a cascade of...
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PMID: 21102458
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
We report a metagenomic analysis of a healthy human plaque sample using a combination of second-generation sequencing platforms. A total of 860 million base pairs of non-human sequences were generated. Various analysis tools revealed the presence of 12 well-characterized phyla, members of the TM-7 a...
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PMID: 21040513
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have generated a T1R2-LacZ reporter knock-in mouse to investigate tissue distribution of T1R2 at a single-cell level. We found that the LacZ gene expression in these mice was faithful to the expression of T1R2 in the taste tissue and in the gastrointestinal tract where T1R3 expression has been re...
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PMID: 20965149
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
To review recent findings dealing with the involvement of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the gut barrier function and various gastrointestinal diseases. New information will be discussed in the context of previous knowledge in this field.
The epithelial barrier function seems to be central in man...
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PMID: 20693891
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We help control obesity and type 2 diabetes through the modulation of gut bacterial metabolism and/or composition by wheat-derived NDC? This opens up an original area in nutrition research....
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PMID: 20823777
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recently, it has been shown that ingestion of solutions with glucose (GLU) and fructose (FRC) leads to 20%–50% higher CHO oxidation rates compared with GLU alone. Although most laboratory studies used solutions to deliver CHO, in practice, athletes often ingest CHO in the form of gels (semisolid)....
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PMID: 20404763
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the current detection methods to select an appropriate strategy for B. cereus monitoring during gastrointestinal experiments. Application of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in a gastrointestinal matrix required careful selection of the qPCR reaction and elaborate optimization of the D...
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PMID: 20849884
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Beneficial Microbes (1)4 2010
Abstract
We will focus on the effect of SCFA on inflammation processes in the host in relation to insulin resistance. Obesity has been associated with a pro-inflammatory state of the adipose tissue that is associated with whole body insulin resistance leading to type 2 diabetes. Recently, two G protein-coupl...
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PMID: 21831781
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The pyrometallurgical process of mining for obtaining ferronickel involves a stage of calcinations. At this stage a residue is generated described as a calcination dust of fine black grains. Analysis of this material revealed a significant presence of Fe, around 53,000 ppm and Ni, around 14,000, bey...
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PMID: 20936513
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The midgut protease profiles from 5th instar Mamestra configurata larvae fed various diets (standard artificial diet, low protein diet, low protein diet with soybean trypsin inhibitor [SBTI], or Brassica napus) were characterized by one-dimensional enzymography in gelatin gels. The gut protease prof...
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PMID: 20824821
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) has emerged as one of the most important diseases in cattle. The role of infected bull semen in the spread of infection remains unclear, as the correlation between the amount of excreted Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (semen and feces) and the infectio...
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PMID: 20460836
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (93)10 2010
Abstract
We reasoned that psyllium inclusion in milk replacer might produce similar effects in neonatal dairy calves, which could lead to improved growth and health. Male Holstein calves were fed a milk replacer (22% crude protein, 20% fat) either without or with psyllium (1.1% of dry matter, DM) from 2 d th...
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PMID: 20855009
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results and the differentiating biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties show that strain R4-1A(T) represents a novel species, for which the name Chryseobacterium culicis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R4-1A(T) (=LMG 25442(T) =CCM 7716(T))....
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PMID: 19933582
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A major source of intestinal metabolites results from both host and microbial processing of dietary nutrients. (1)H NMR-based metabolic profiling of mouse feces was carried out over time in different microbiome mouse models, including conventional (n = 9), conventionalized (n = 10),...
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PMID: 20806900
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although energy balance is tightly regulated in order to maintain a specific level of adiposity, the incidence of obesity continues to increase. Consequently, it is essential that effective therapeutics for the treatment and prevention of obesity be developed. This review provides a...
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PMID: 20585249
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that reactive oxygen species generated during inflammation react with endogenous, luminal sulphur compounds (thiosulphate) to form a new respiratory electron acceptor, tetrathionate. The genes conferring the ability to use tetrathionate as an electron acceptor produce a growth advantage for...
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PMID: 20864996
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Aggregata bathytherma sp. nov. is described from the digestive tract of Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis, a deep-sea octopus recently discovered associated with hydrothermal vents in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Oocysts typically are spherical in shape, sometimes irregular, 163 to 356 microm in length,...
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PMID: 21133323
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Revue medicale suisse (6)261 2010
Abstract
We focus on the most common and well-described drug-related clinico-pathological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract using an organ and lesion based approach....
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PMID: 20939398
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To quantitatively analyse the faecal bacterial communities of Holstein calves and track their succession up to 12 weeks of age.
Faecal samples obtained from four female Holstein calves were analysed by the RNA-based, sequence-specific rRNA cleavage method. Twelve scissor probes covering major rumen...
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PMID: 20849397
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We hypothesized that VLBW infants with prior GI tract colonization with gentamicin-susceptible GNB who developed bloodstream infections (BSI) would do so with gentamicin-susceptible GNB.
A prospective cohort study of VLBW infants was performed in 2 level III neonatal intensive care units from Septem...
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PMID: 20539251
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that special sugars are expressed on the most luminal portions of mucosae as exclusive epithelial cell-shedding sites, and that sugar expression differs among the various segments of the alimentary tract. These site differences might reflect differences in resident bacterial sp...
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PMID: 20379083
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Surgical Oncology (19)3 2010
Abstract
The efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of inflammation and pain of various origins is well established. Prescribing these drugs, however, remains a challenge because a great variety of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular safety issues need to be considered,...
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PMID: 20022240
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that jack bean urease (JBU) has antidiuretic effects on Rhodnius prolixus Malpighian tubules, decreasing the serotonin-stimulated secretion of fluid. Now, we evaluate the toxicity of the intact JBU and its effect on R. prolixus anterior midgut, to further elucidate the mec...
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PMID: 20223243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the incorporation of (15)N from (15)NH(4)Cl into amino acids using an in vitro tissue culture system. Fat body or midgut tissues from female mosquitoes were incubated in an Aedes saline solution supplemented with glucose and (15)NH(4)Cl for 10-40min. The media were then mixed with de...
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PMID: 20206632
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I and II, further referred to as SNA-I and SNA-II, are two ricin-related lectins from elderberry. SNA-I is a chimeric lectin composed of an A-chain with enzymatic activity and a B-chain with carbohydrate-binding activity, and therefore belongs to the group of type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins. I...
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PMID: 20230823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated 22 different host and non-host plant protease inhibitors (PIs) for in vivo inhibition of Helicoverpa armigera gut pro- and proteinases, and their biological activity against the pod borer, H. armigera, the most important pest of agriculture and horticultural crops worldwide. In vitro ac...
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PMID: 20416317
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results suggest that during the development of the 5th instar, the insect has natural regulating cycles of basal PO expression and activation, which could be related to the occurrence of natural infections. The differences in temporal patterns of activity and the effects of azadirachtin and ec...
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PMID: 20361973
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor, is a serious pest of wheat and an experimental organism for the study of gall midge-plant interactions. In addition to food digestion and detoxification, the gut of Hessian fly larvae is also an important interface for insect-host interactions. Analysis of the...
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PMID: 20346948
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although circadian rhythms are found in many peripheral tissues in insects, the control mechanism is still to be elucidated. To investigate the central and peripheral relationships in the circadian organization, circadian rhythms outside the optic lobes were examined in the cricket Gryllus bimaculat...
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PMID: 20416318
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a precursor of the intestinal type of gastric cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. GastroPanel is a recently marketed serological kit for the non-invasive diagnosis of CAG, defined by some authors "even more reliable than biopsy hist...
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PMID: 20604730
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the TH requirement for gut development in E. coqui. Inhibition of TH synthesis with methimazole arrested gut development in its embryonic form. Embryos treated with methimazole failed to utilize the yolk in their nutritional endoderm, and survived for weeks without further development. Con...
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PMID: 20883213
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.