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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Embryonic Structures (24):
- Primitive Streak
- Germ Layers
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Branchial Region
- Neural Crest
- Mullerian Ducts
- Limb Buds
- Zygote
- Wolffian Ducts
- Neural Tube
- Notochord
- Morula
- Mesonephros
- Fetus
- Cloaca
- Cleavage Stage, Ovum
- Urachus
- Blastomeres
- Placenta
- Ovum
- Organizers, Embryonic
- Vitelline Duct
- Neural Plate
Recent article
Embryonic Structures
Abstract
I and fibrillarin are transcribed de novo whereas nucleolin and nucleophosmin are maternally inherited as demonstrated by alpha -amanitin inhibition. However, localization of these two proteins to the nucleolar compartments was negatively affected by the alpha-amanitin treatment. Consequently, funct...
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PMID: 17410544
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We report a method for multiplex genotyping of bovine embryo microblade biopsies. We have tested the reliability of the method and the viability of the embryos in vitro and in vivo. Two polymorphic gene markers (GHR F279Y and PRLR S18N) associated with milk production traits and one marker for sex d...
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PMID: 17440940
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have revealed that Hsp90 regulated both cPGES/p23 and its client protein kinase CK2. In this study, in order to examine the role of cPGES/p23 in vivo, we generated mice deficient in cPGES/p23 by a targeted disruption of exons 2 and 3, containing Tyr9, which is essential for catalytic activity. He...
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PMID: 17719010
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genes & Development (21)19 2007
Abstract
We performed Cre/loxP-based lineage-tracing studies using mouse strains expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the Tie2, Runx1, or Prox1 promoter elements. These studies, together with the analysis of Runx1-mutant embryos lacking definitive hematopoiesis, conclusively determined that from v...
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PMID: 17908929
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
FEBS Letters (581)24 2007
Abstract
We observed a consistent eye-open at birth (EOB) phenotype in mouse pups homozygous for a leucine-rich repeat containing G-protein coupled receptor 4 (Lgr4) allele deleting the whole transmembrane domain coding region. An in vitro wound-healing scratch assay showed notably reduced keratinocyte motil...
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PMID: 17850793
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We use in vitro cell assays in conjunction with whole animal rodent studies to test hypotheses regarding nitrofen's mechanism of action. The first component examined the interaction of nitrofen with various aspects of the retinoid signaling pathway including uptake proteins, binding proteins, recept...
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PMID: 17704186
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that it has essential functions in embryonic development. grp94-/- embryos die on day 7 of gestation, fail to develop mesoderm, primitive streak, or proamniotic cavity. grp94-/- ES cells grow in culture and are capable of differentiation into cells representing all three germ layers. However...
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PMID: 17634284
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We identified the transcriptional repressor Blimp-1 (B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1) as an important regulator of keratinocyte transition from the granular to the cornified layer. More than 250 genes are misregulated in conditional knockout epidermis, including those encoding transcriptio...
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PMID: 17846422
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Cell Biology (178)6 2007
Abstract
We demonstrate that the Suv4-20h enzymes are responsible for this histone modification at telomeres. Cells deficient for Suv4-20h2 or for both Suv4-20h1 and Suv4-20h2 show decreased levels of H4K20me3 at telomeres and subtelomeres in the absence of changes in H3K9me3. These epigenetic alterations ar...
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PMID: 17846168
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neuroscience (27)36 2007
Abstract
We assessed the contributions of individual rhombomeres to the vestibular nuclear complex, a major sensorimotor area that spans the entire rhombencephalon. Transgenic mice harboring either the lacZ or the enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter genes under the transcriptional control of rhombome...
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PMID: 17804628
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endocrinology (194)3 2007
Abstract
We have reported expression profiles of PG G/H synthases (PGHS-1 and PGHS-2), PGE synthase (mPGES-1), and PGF synthase (PGFS) in the endometrium of cyclic and pregnant pigs. In the present study, expression of above-mentioned PG synthesis enzymes and PG 9-ketoreductase (CBR1), which converts PGE(2)...
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PMID: 17761889
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endocrinology (194)3 2007
Abstract
We will describe the multiple roles of Notch and how various factors can regulate Notch signalling....
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PMID: 17761886
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuropharmacology (53)4 2007
Abstract
We examined the effects of H(2)S on glutamate receptor functioning using mature cortical neurons expressing functional glutamate receptor subtypes. Addition of 100 microM glutamate exhibited extensive cell death which was exacerbated by co-incubation with < or = 200 microM of the H(2)S donor sodium...
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PMID: 17692345
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Genes to Cells (12)9 2007
Abstract
We show that SHPS-1 strongly associates with Concanavalin A (Con A), a plant lectin obtained from jack beans. Further studies with SHPS-1 mutants reveal that the extracellular domain of SHPS-1 containing the Ig sequence is responsible for its association with Con A. Con A treatment induces cross-lin...
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PMID: 17825046
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that lamin A/C was present in the nuclear lamina of oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage while it was absent in mature oocytes. Lamin A/C was detected throughout preimplantation development in both in vivo-derived and parthenogenetic embryos. Incubation of the activated oocytes in the pres...
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PMID: 17290428
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined whether intersubspecific hybrid mice and ES cells with these genotypes can be efficiently produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Frozen-thawed spermatozoa from wild-derived strains, JF1 (Mus musculus molossinus), MSM (M. m. molossinus), HMI (M. m. castaneus), and SWN (M. m....
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PMID: 17290420
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We designed new media based on PZM3 by modifying the amino acid composition and osmolality. The effectiveness of the modified PZM3 on the development of porcine IVF embryos was then investigated. A total of 24 free amino acids were measured, including 20 protein and 4 nonprotein amino acids (beta-al...
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PMID: 17342727
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Cell Science (120)Pt 16 2007
Abstract
We sought proteins interacting with the myosin VIIa tail by using the yeast two-hybrid system. Here, we report on shroom2, a submembranous PDZ domain-containing protein that is associated with the tight junctions in multiple embryonic and adult epithelia. Shroom2 directly interacts with the C-termin...
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PMID: 17666436
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Dairy Science (90)8 2007
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to estimate variance components for traits related to embryo transfer (ET) by applying generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) for different distributions of traits (normal, binomial, and Poisson) in a synergistic context. Synergistic models were originally developed...
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PMID: 17639006
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Dynamics (236)8 2007
Abstract
We report generation of null, hypomorphic, and conditional Pnn alleles in mice. We found that insertion of neomycin-resistance cassette into intron 8 of Pnn resulted in knockdown of Pnn, which allowed Pnn hypomorphic embryos to pass peri-implantation lethality. These mice are lethal at perinatal sta...
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PMID: 17654715
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Dynamics (236)8 2007
Abstract
We hypothesized that regulated expression and subcellular localization of specific importins may be linked to mammalian gonadal differentiation. We identified distinct developmental and cellular localization patterns for importins beta1, alpha3, alpha4 and RanBP5 (importin beta3) in fetal and postna...
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PMID: 17654710
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Dynamics (236)8 2007
Abstract
Our expression analyses in mice indicate that LRRC10 is exclusively expressed from the precardiac region in early embryos to the adult heart. LRRC10 expression is markedly elevated upon birth, suggesting its role in the embryonic as well as adult hearts. Of interest, LRRC10 exhibits dynamic intracel...
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PMID: 17626279
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Dynamics (236)8 2007
Abstract
We hypothesize that, in fetal muscle, Sox6 functions as a repressor of slow fiber type-specific genes. In the wild-type mouse, differentiation of fast and slow fibers becomes apparent during late fetal stages (after approximately embryonic day 16). However, in the Sox6 null-p(100H) mutant mouse, all...
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PMID: 17584907
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (134)16 2007
Abstract
We show in mice that functional blockage of neuropilin 1 (Npn1) inhibits cleft formation in the developing submandibular gland (SMG) cultured ex vivo. This Npn1-dependent morphogenesis is mediated by Sema3A and Sema3C in an additive manner, and can be abolished by decreasing the expression of plexin...
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PMID: 17626059
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (307)1 2007
Abstract
We analyzed its function in the developing amphibian pronephros. Bicaudal-C mRNA was present in the epithelial structures of the Xenopus pronephros, the tubules and the duct, but not the glomus. Inhibition of the translation of endogenous Bicaudal-C with antisense morpholino oligomers (xBic-C-MO) le...
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PMID: 17521625
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Matrix Biology (26)6 2007
Abstract
We show that Frem3 localizes at the basement membrane with tissue distribution patterns clearly distinct from those of other 12 CSPG repeats-containing proteins (12-CSPG proteins). In adult mice, Frem3 was present at the basement membrane underlying ductal cells of the salivary gland, retinal gangli...
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PMID: 17462874
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Matrix Biology (26)6 2007
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the defects observed in the heart and body wall of the calreticulin null embryos are due to alterations in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Our results demonstrate that there is a significant decrease in the MMP-9 and increase in the MMP-2 activity and expression in the calret...
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PMID: 17412577
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain Research (1153) 2007
Abstract
We have determined its subcellular localization in cultured hippocampal neurons and HEK 293T cells. Fluorescence microscopy experiments revealed that both endogenous and exogenous Arc protein was primarily found in the nucleus, where it concentrated in puncta associated with promyelocytic leukemia (...
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PMID: 17466953
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Three hundred twenty-seven measurements were obtained The normal values of the EISP according to gestational age were presented as 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile ranks. The correlation coefficients (r) between the EISP and gestational age were 0.03. The EISP were not statistically different with adv...
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PMID: 17624195
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have analyzed the role of two transcription factors, Pax3 and Zic1, which are among the earliest genes activated in response to neural plate border-inducing signals. At the end of gastrulation, Pax3 and Zic1 are coexpressed in the neural crest forming region. In addition, Pax3 is expressed in pro...
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PMID: 17409353
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Human Immunology (68)4 2007
Abstract
We established a rapid detection assay based on Luminex technology, which can be integrated into ART proceedings, allowing sHLA-G quantification in sample volumes of only 10 microl within 1.5 hours. Using this method, sHLA-G levels of 526 single-embryo cultures, 47 two-embryo cultures, and 15 three-...
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PMID: 17400060
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Cell Science (120)Pt 6 2007
Abstract
We demonstrate that primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mammary epithelial cells (MECs) deficient in Timp3 have increased beta-catenin signaling. Functionally, the loss of TIMP3 exerted cell-type-specific effects, with Timp3(-/-) MEFs being more sensitive and Timp3(-/-) MECs more resistan...
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PMID: 17327279
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Differentiation (75)2 2007
Abstract
We find that Hensen's node in the rabbit is devoid of cilia, and that ciliated cells are restricted to the notochordal plate, which emerges from the node rostrally. In a comparative approach, we use the organizer marker gene Goosecoid (Gsc) to show that a region of densely packed epithelium-like cel...
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PMID: 17316383
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We studied variation in life-history traits in two populations of the placental poeciliid fish Poeciliopsis prolifica to determine whether differences in post-fertilization maternal provisioning to embryos have a genetic basis and how food availability affects reproduction. Life histories were chara...
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PMID: 17441194
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review the early development of Helobdella, focusing on the variety of unequal cell divisions. We then summarize an experimental analysis of the mechanisms underlying the unequal first cleavage in Helobdella, concluding that the unequal first cleavages in Helobdella and Tubifex proceed by differe...
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PMID: 17585497
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have investigated the role of retinoic acid (RA) in eye development using the vitamin A deficient quail model system, which overcomes problems of retinoic acid synthesising enzyme redundancy in the embryo. In the absence of retinoic acid, the ventral optic stalk and ventral retina are missing, wh...
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PMID: 17486539
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These puzzling results question the use of transplantation strategies for repairing damaged networks in adults where rewiring involves complex white matter trajectories....
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PMID: 17726275
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In viability assay, the viability rate increased as the NSPC density increased, and peaked at 1 x 10(7) to 5 x 10(7) cell/ml. For collagen concentration, the viability rate increased as the collagen concentration decreased. In migration assay, cell migration was most extensive at collagen concentrat...
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PMID: 17726269
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Previous technologies provided limited visualization of ONH structures. The ability to scan the entire disk using 3-dimensional OCT (3D-OCT) in a high-density raster pattern reveals a high frequency of persistence of Cloquet's canal in the normal healthy eye....
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PMID: 17056372
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Experimental Cell Research (312)18 2006
Abstract
SKPa is component of a Drosophila SCF complex that functions in combination with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcD1. skpA null mutation results in centrosome overduplication, unusual chromatin condensation, defective endoreduplication and cell-cycle progression. While the molecular mechanisms th...
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PMID: 16962096
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)21 2006
Abstract
We show that the co-expression of the conserved odd-skipped family genes at the posterior margin of the eye field is required to activate hedgehog expression and thereby the onset of retinogenesis. The fly Wnt1 homologue wingless represses the odd-skipped genes drm and odd along the anterior margin...
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PMID: 17021046
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)21 2006
Abstract
We report three separate essential functions of the foxa gene: it represses mesodermal fate in the veg2 endomesoderm; it is required in postgastrular development for the expression of gut-specific genes; and it is necessary for stomodaeum formation. If its expression is reduced by a morpholino, more...
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PMID: 17038513
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report localization of T protein by sectional immunohistochemistry in both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues during mouse gastrulation, emphasizing T localization within the allantois. T was detected in all previously reported sites within the conceptus, including the primitive streak and its...
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PMID: 16545989
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Human Reproduction (21)9 2006
Abstract
A total of 208 follicular fluid samples were obtained from 78 women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation and analysed for ROS and lipid peroxidation (LPO). These samples were divided into groups I and II which represented follicular fluid containing grade III and grade II oocytes, respectively....
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PMID: 16861701
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cancer Research (66)17 2006
Abstract
We have identified that sulforaphane transcriptionally activated the upstream ARE-rich enhancer region, located at -9.0 kb upstream human HO-1 promoter. Induction of HO-1 by sulforaphane was attenuated by overexpression of mutant Nrf2 plasmid in HepG2 cells and totally abolished in Nrf2 knockout mou...
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PMID: 16951197
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Theriogenology (66)2 2006
Abstract
Our resulting regression equation is: days before parturition=265.16-0.21*(vitreous body length in mm)(2). This study suggests that measure of the fetal eye is a practical on-farm procedure for estimating days before parturition in small ponies....
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PMID: 16426670
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)14 2006
Abstract
We identified calderón, a gene that encodes a protein with highest homology with organic cation transporters of the major facilitator superfamily, as a new transcriptional target of the InR pathway. These transporters are believed to function mainly in the uptake of sugars, as well as other organic...
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PMID: 16774996
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)14 2006
Abstract
We have used genetics and chemical modulators of RA signaling to resolve these issues in the zebrafish. By rescuing pectoral fin induction in the aldh1a2/neckless mutant with exogenous RA and by blocking RA signaling in wild-type embryos, we find that RA acts as a permissive signal that is required...
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PMID: 16774994
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (294)2 2006
Abstract
Cranial placodes are specialized regions of the ectoderm, which give rise to various sensory ganglia and contribute to the pituitary gland and sensory organs of the vertebrate head. They include the adenohypophyseal, olfactory, lens, trigeminal, and profundal placodes, a series of epibranchial placo...
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PMID: 16677629
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (294)2 2006
Abstract
We examined the roles of these msx genes in early development. Disrupting individual msx genes causes modest variable defects, whereas disrupting all three produces a reproducible severe phenotype, suggesting functional redundancy. Neural crest differentiation is blocked at an early stage. Preplacod...
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PMID: 16631154
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
EMBO Journal (25)11 2006
Displacement of D1, HP1 and topoisomerase II from satellite heterochromatin by a specific polyamide.
Abstract
We demonstrate that synthetic polyamides that specifically target AT-rich satellite repeats of Drosophila melanogaster can be used to study the function of these sequences. The P9 polyamide, which binds the X-chromosome 1.688 g/cm3 satellite III (SAT III), displaces the D1 protein. This displacement...
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PMID: 16675949
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)12 2006
Abstract
We report that DHCR7 and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) are co-expressed during midline development in Xenopus embryos. DHCR7 has previously been implicated to function as a positive regulator of Hh signaling that acts to regulate the cholesterol adduction of Hh ligand or to affect Hh signaling in the respond...
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PMID: 16687448
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)12 2006
Abstract
I receptors, Alk2 and Alk3, is also spatiotemporally controlled; Alk2 expression appears earlier and increases predominantly in the coelomic epithelium, whereas Alk3 expression appears later and is restricted to the mesenchyme, suggesting sequential roles in Müllerian duct regression. MIS induces...
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PMID: 16687449
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)12 2006
Abstract
We performed a structure-function analysis of Ft and Ds, separating their adhesive and signaling functions. We found that the extracellular domain of Ft is not required for its activity in growth, PCP and proximodistal patterning. Thus, ligand binding is not necessary for Ft activity. By contrast, t...
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PMID: 16687445
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)12 2006
Abstract
We have expressed molecules that regulate specification of ectoderm in embryos and chimeras. Enhancing oral ectoderm suppresses serotonergic neuron differentiation, whereas enhancing aboral or ciliary band ectoderm increases differentiation of serotonergic neurons. In embryos in which vegetal signal...
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PMID: 16687447
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Development (133)12 2006
Abstract
We have previously shown that fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is required for the formation of mammary placodes 1, 2, 3 and 5. Here, we have found that Fgf10 is expressed only in the somites underlying placodes 2 and 3, in gradients across and within these somites. To test whether somitic FGF10...
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PMID: 16720875
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Acceptable ductus venosus waveforms were acquired in 19 fetuses (83%). The mean +/- SD values of the ductus venosus index and the pulsatility index were 0.46 +/- 0.07 (95% CI: 0.42-0.49) and 0.57 +/- 0.12 (95% CI: 0.51-0.63), respectively. The mean +/- SD values of maximum velocities during ventricu...
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PMID: 16768043
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The ihog gene (interference hedgehog), identified by RNA interference in Drosophila cultured cells, encodes a type 1 membrane protein shown here to bind and to mediate response to the active Hedgehog (Hh) protein signal. ihog mutations produce defects characteristic of Hh signaling loss in embryos a...
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PMID: 16630821
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Pediatric Research (59)4 Pt 1 2006
Abstract
We have developed a mutant mouse with reduced nephron number in utero and no change in birth weight, by deleting fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (fgfr2) in the ureteric bud. Our purpose was to investigate the role of in utero reduced nephron number alone in absence of LBW as a risk for developin...
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PMID: 16549517
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
EMBO Reports (7)3 2006
Abstract
We show that the transmembrane protein Crumbs is involved in a feedback mechanism used by Notch to refine its own activation domain at the Drosophila wing margin. Crumbs reduces the activity of the gamma-Secretase complex, which mediates the proteolytic intracellular processing of Notch. These resul...
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PMID: 16440003
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.