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Enteroendocrine Cells (7):
Recent article
Enteroendocrine Cells
Neuroreport (21)11 2010
Abstract
We earlier showed that intestinal STC-1 cells can respond to five basic taste stimuli. Here, we investigated which receptors or channels are involved in the sensing of umami in STC-1 cells. T1R family and metabotropic glutamate receptors were not involved. In contrast, we found that N-Methyl-D-aspar...
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PMID: 20531233
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The activation of CRFR(1) and CRFR(2) induced by MD markedly altered the quantitative distribution of secretory cells of the intestinal epithelium. These alterations, in particular the depletion of Paneth and goblet cells, may create conditions leading to the development of an epithelial barrier def...
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PMID: 20551459
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although Hnf1alpha is crucial for pancreas and liver functions, it is believed to play a limited functional role for intestinal epithelial functions. The aim of this study was to assess the consequences of abrogating Hnf1alpha on the maintenance of adult small intestinal epithelial f...
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PMID: 20808783
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are released from enteroendocrine cells in the intestinal epithelium in response to nutrient ingestion. The actions of GLP-1 and GIP - not only on local gut physiology but also on glucose hom...
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PMID: 20047700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Nutritional status influences hormone secretion from specialized enteroendocrine cells within the gut mucosa. These hormones regulate food intake by mediating information to central neurocircuitries in the brainstem and forebrain (eg, hypothalamic nuclei). Intestinal enteroendocrine cells were belie...
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PMID: 19903420
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Veterinary Research Communications (33 Suppl 1)s1 2009
Abstract
Cell Metabolism (10)3 2009
Abstract
We show here that TGR5 signaling induces intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release, leading to improved liver and pancreatic function and enhanced glucose tolerance in obese mice. In addition, we show that the induction of GLP-1 release in enteroendocrine cells by 6alpha-ethyl-23(S)-methyl-...
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PMID: 19723493
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell Metabolism (10)3 2009
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Thomas et al. (2009) show that specific activation of the bile-acid-activated G protein-coupled receptor TGR5 improves pancreatic and hepatic function and impairs the development of obesity following administration of a high-fat diet.
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PMID: 19723491
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Gastroenterology (137)2 2009
Abstract
Solitary chemosensory cells that coexpress beta-endorphin, Met-enkephalin, uroguanylin, and Trpm5 exist in mouse duodenum. These cells are likely to secrete the bioactive peptides into the intestinal lumen in response to dietary factors; release of the opioid peptides requires the Trpm5 ion channel....
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PMID: 19272386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found a higher concentration of the incretin hormones in intestinal lymph than in peripheral or portal plasma. We therefore used the lymph fistula rat model to test for a dose-dependent relationship between the secretion of GIP and GLP-1 and dietary lipid. Under isoflurane anesthesia, the major m...
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PMID: 19520739
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We evaluated the regulation on duodenal secretin gene expression by SHP and selected bile acids, cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). In vitro treatment of CDCA or fexaramine elevated the SHP transcript level and occupancy on secretin promoter. The increase in the SHP level, induced by...
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PMID: 19372104
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The results of these studies demonstrate, for the first time, that OEA increases GLP-1 secretion from intestinal L-cells through activation of the novel GPR119 fatty acid derivate receptor in vitro and in vivo....
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PMID: 19208912
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a case of endocrine cell carcinoma in the sigmoid colon with inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) tumor embolism. A 79-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with narrowing of the stools. We performed colonoscopy, computed tomography and positron emission tomography, which disclosed sigmoid...
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PMID: 19132778
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology ()8 2009
Abstract
We have found out the clinical presentations and peculiarities of endoscopic and morphologic view of pathologies of mucous membrane of gastroduodenal zone caused by liver cirrhosis. We have examined 74 patients with liver cirrhosis of viral and nonviral etiology using the clinical, endoscopic, morph...
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PMID: 20469678
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found significantly higher enteroendocrine cell counts in proximal bowel than in distal and control bowel. The differences depended on the precociousness of surgery and the severity of dilation. Considering the major contribution of enteroendocrine cells to the peristaltic reflex, our data may he...
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PMID: 19864208
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Enteroendocrine cells, which secrete peptide hormones in response to sensation of food and gut microbiota products, can now be genetically tagged, isolated, cultured, and characterized for expression of the elusive chemosensors, as shown in publications in PNAS (Samuel et al., 2008) and in this issu...
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PMID: 19041758
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have obtained, together with information from the other laboratories, which have elucidated some of the mechanisms involved in nutrient detection in the gut wall. The focus is on monosaccharides and protein hydrolysates as there is some evidence for a role for nutrient transporters in detection o...
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PMID: 19391461
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Endocrinology (22)11 2008
Abstract
We still do not know mechanistically how the polymorphisms within the intron regions of TCF7L2 affect the risk of type 2 diabetes, this transcriptional regulator was shown to be involved in stimulating the proliferation of pancreatic beta-cells and the production of the incretin hormone glucagon-lik...
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PMID: 18599616
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical Endocrinology (69)5 2008
Abstract
Vildagliptin does not alter satiation or gastric volume in people with type 2 diabetes despite elevated GLP-1 concentrations. Compensatory changes in enteroendocrine secretion could account for the lack of gastrointestinal symptoms....
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PMID: 18331607
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Together, our data provide evidence that Gpr40 modulates FFA-stimulated insulin secretion from beta-cells not only directly but also indirectly via regulation of incretin secretion. Moreover, our data suggest a conserved role for Ipf1/Pdx1 and Gpr40 in FFA-mediated secretion of hormones that regulat...
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PMID: 18519800
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Nutrition (138)8 2008
Abstract
We hypothesized that supplemental SB impacts gastric morphology and function, depending on the period of SB provision. The effect of SB on the oxyntic and pyloric mucosa was studied in 4 groups of 8 pigs, each supplemented with SB either during the suckling period (d 4-28 of age), after weaning (d 2...
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PMID: 18641186
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
International Immunology (20)8 2008
Abstract
We applied gene expression profiling to characterize the response of the human LCC-18 enteroendocrine cell line to physiological and pathological stimuli mimicked by fatty acids (FAs), flagellin and LPS exposure. We observed that these cells participate in an innate immune reaction to pathogens thro...
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PMID: 18544573
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The regional distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in the stomach and intestine of Phyllostomidae: Lonchorhina aurita and Molossidae: Molossus molossus bats were studied immunohistochemically. Three types of immunoreactive (IR) endocrine cells--to serotonin (5-HT), gastrin (GAS) and...
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PMID: 18833490
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A blunted postprandial PYY secretion is observed in a very early stage in the development of T2D in genetically susceptible individuals. This defect precedes the presence of insulin resistance and adiposity, and could therefore predispose to the development of T2D....
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PMID: 18317469
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Endocrinology (149)5 2008
Abstract
We recently showed that activation of G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) (also termed glucose dependent insulinotropic receptor) improves glucose homeostasis via direct cAMP-mediated enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin release in pancreatic beta-cells. Here we show that GPR119 also stimula...
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PMID: 18202141
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (149)5 2008
Abstract
We found previously that the bipartite transcription factor beta-catenin/T cell factor (cat/TCF), the major effector of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, activates intestinal glu expression and GLP-1 production. We show here that 100 nm insulin stimulated glu expression and enhanced GLP-1 content...
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PMID: 18258680
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (149)4 2008
Abstract
We examined the roles of the neuroendocrine prohormone convertases (PC) 1/3, PC2, and PC5/6 by measurement of proCCK, processing intermediates and bioactive, alpha-amidated, and O-sulfated CCK peptides in cerebral and jejunal extracts of null mice, controls, and in the PC5/6-expressing SK-N-MC cell-...
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PMID: 18096669
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have previously shown that the endocrine cells in the stomach increase in number in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) that suggests that the hypertension has an influence on the intrinsic regulatory system by endocrine cells control in the stomach of rats. The aim of the present study is to f...
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PMID: 18441398
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell and Tissue Research (331)3 2008
Abstract
We have morphologically characterized the cells that produce obestatin and ghrelin in new-born and adult Sprague-Dawley rats that were freely fed, fasted, or subjected to gastric bypass surgery or reserpine treatment. Tissue samples collected from the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas were examine...
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PMID: 18071756
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The density of intestinal endocrine cells, in Balb/c mice with colon 26 (CT-26) carcinoma cells, were examined immunohistochemically at 28 days after implantation. After CT-26 cell administration there was a significant decrease in most of the intestinal endocrine cells (p < 0.01) compared with the...
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PMID: 18296883
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We set up an in vitro assay system to investigate if different protein hydrolysates exhibit varying CCK-releasing properties. Soy, pea, potato, casein, and whey protein hydrolysates were incubated with the enteric endocrine cell line STC-1 that endogenously expresses and secretes CCK. Release of CCK...
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PMID: 18211011
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The neurohormonal control of appetite, body composition, and glucose homeostasis is mediated by hormones secreted from adipose tissue, endocrine glands, and enteroendocrine cells, which converge at the vagus nerve, brainstem and hypothalamus to modulate complex interactions of neurotransmitters and...
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PMID: 18185058
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This review discusses the role of enteroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract as chemoreceptors that sense lumen contents and induce changes in gastrointestinal function and food intake through the release of signaling substances acting on a variety of targets locally or at a distance.
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PMID: 18185066
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our data suggested that genetically engineered K cells secrete active insulin in a glucose-regulated manner, and in vivo study showed that hyperglycemia could be reversed by implantation of the cells, suggesting that the use of genetically engineered K cells to express human insulin might provide a...
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PMID: 18235977
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We showed that PKD1 contributes to stimulated NT secretion; however, the mechanisms are not entirely clear. Here, we show that Kidins220, which is a substrate of PKD proteins in neuroendocrine cells, is localized in the ends of the processes of BON cells, similar to the expression pattern of NT vesi...
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PMID: 18048355
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Endocrinology (150)2 2008
Abstract
We therefore hypothesized that the L cell is responsive to insulin and that insulin resistance impairs GLP-1 secretion. The effects of insulin and insulin resistance were examined in well-characterized L cell models: murine GLUTag, human NCI-H716, and fetal rat intestinal cells. MKR mice, a model of...
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PMID: 18818290
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Histochemica (110)2 2008
Abstract
I (66.6+/-9.9) and the A. cinerius intestine III (35+/-18). Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were the most abundant cell type in the pyloric glands of both species. They were more numerous in A. cinerius (126.9+/-27.4) than in S. lilium (75.8+/-1.8). CCK-immunoreactive cells were found in the alimentary...
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PMID: 18068220
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Surgical Research (144)1 2008
Abstract
We therefore designed an experimental model to study the intrahepatic growth of tumor endocrine cells; murine enteroendocrine STC-1 cells were injected into the spleen of nude mice to obtain their hepatic dissemination through the portal vein. Three stages of intrahepatic tumor growth were identifie...
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PMID: 17643449
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The presence and distribution of cells positive to orexin A (OXA) and to orexin type 2 receptor (OX2R) were investigated in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal dogs by means of immunohistochemical techniques. The orexin A-positive cells were identified with some of the endocrine cells in the stom...
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PMID: 19109097
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuroreport (18)18 2007
Abstract
We found that compounds of the other four basic tastants also stimulate STC-1 cells. When solutions containing glutamate, sucrose, HCl, or NaCl were applied, the intracellular Ca concentration in STC-1 cells significantly increased. We thus demonstrated that the gastrointestinal system can sense all...
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PMID: 18007200
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Molecular sensing by gastrointestinal (GI) cells plays a crucial role in the control of multiple fundamental functions including digestion, regulation of caloric intake, pancreatic insulin secretion, and metabolism, as well as protection from ingested harmful drugs and toxins. These processes are lik...
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PMID: 18024184
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (311)2 2007
Abstract
We have examined the role of RB and the related protein, p107, in regulating cell cycle activity and differentiation of gastrointestinal endocrine cells, a relatively quiescent cell population, by conditionally disrupting the RB gene in neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-expressing cells in both p107(+/+) and p107(...
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PMID: 17936268
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined CCK-releasing activities from the enteroendocrine cell line STC-1, in peptides derived from underutilized legumes, and found much higher activity in the peptic hydrolysate of Country beans (CBP) compared to that from other legume-derived peptides including beta-conglycinin peptone. Activ...
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PMID: 17914879
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Endocrine cell pseudo-hyperplasia may be seen within atrophic glandular mucosa following neo-adjuvant therapy of distal oesophageal/OGJ adenocarcinomas. The changes are analogous to those seen in chronic atrophic gastritis and should not be misinterpreted as those of residual tumour....
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PMID: 17893119
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have investigated a large cluster of gustducin-positive cells which is located exactly at the boundary between the fundic and the oxyntic mucosa of the mouse stomach, at the so-called "limiting ridge". In close association with the candidate chemosensory cluster, we found two populations of enter...
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PMID: 17874119
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Diabetologia (50)10 2007
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide increased cAMP levels and stimulated GLP-1 release from GLUTag cells. Agents that increase cAMP levels, including forskolin plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (fsk/IBMX), triggered a rise in the intracellular calcium concentration and enhanced the res...
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PMID: 17643200
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that human duodenal L cells express sweet taste receptors, the taste G protein gustducin, and several other taste transduction elements. Mouse intestinal L cells also express alpha-gustducin. Ingestion of glucose by alpha-gustducin null mice revealed deficiencies in secretion of GLP-1 and th...
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PMID: 17724330
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (309)2 2007
Abstract
We quantified goblet cells, the only other secretory cell formed in embryonic intestine. The Neurogenin 3-expressing transgenics had decreased numbers of goblet cells in correspondence to the increase in endocrine cells, with no change in the total secretory cell numbers. Thus, our data suggest that...
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PMID: 17706959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The upper small intestine is an important source of ghrelin. The likely cosecretion of intestinal ghrelin and motilin suggests concerted actions of the two hormones. These data may have implications for understanding gut motility and clinical implications for dysmotility and bariatric surgery....
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PMID: 17595255
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Cell and Tissue Research (329)3 2007
Abstract
Our aim was to determine whether proliferation of EC cells contributed to the hyperplasia associated with intestinal inflammation. Ileitis was induced in guinea-pigs by intraluminal injection of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS). A single pulse of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was injecte...
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PMID: 17508220
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study gives strong evidences for the crucial role of the hindgut in the resolution of diabetes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) and biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). Moreover, these findings confirm at the preclinical level that IT is a surgical procedure of possible relevance in the therapy...
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PMID: 17630003
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that specification of enteroendocrine but not Paneth cells occurs independently of Wnt signals by conditional deletion of beta-catenin in immature cells expressing the transcription factor, neurogenin 3. In addition, we determined whether neurogenin 3-expressing cells respond to abnormal Wnt...
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PMID: 17592150
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have recently shown that the endogenous GLP-1 production is promoted by dietary non-digestible carbohydrates (oligofructose), the higher GLP-1 secretion could participate in the control of obesity and associated disorders. This experimental study was designed to highlight the mechanisms of endoge...
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PMID: 17367575
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
CD patients in remission who experience IBS-like symptoms have increased mucosal TpH-1 levels in the colon, suggesting that increased serotonin biosynthesis in the colon plays a role in the generation of the symptoms....
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PMID: 17481962
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We also examined intestinal sensitivity to PYY and PYY(3-36) in DIO and DR rats. Animals were maintained on a medium-high fat diet and split into DIO and DR groups based on weight gain. PYY immunoreactive cells were unaltered in DIO intestine and stomach compared to DR rats. PYY content and circulat...
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PMID: 17475366
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) provide a physical and immunological barrier against enteric microbial flora. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), through interactions with conserved microbial patterns, activate inflammatory gene expression in cells of the innate immune system. Previous studies of the exp...
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PMID: 17395901
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Developmental Biology (305)2 2007
Abstract
We have addressed this hypothesis by analyzing the phenotype of mice knockout for the Onecut factors. We found that neither OC-2 nor OC-3 is required for pancreas specification. However, OC-2 plays partially redundant roles with HNF-6 in pancreas morphogenesis and in the differentiation of endocrine...
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PMID: 17400205
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Obesity Surgery (17)5 2007
Abstract
The digestive tract is well known for its endocrine functions. Recently, many studies have been reinforcing its role as a therapeutic target for both diabetes and obesity. Losing weight is clinically very difficult for most obese patients and the reason for this could be the effect of the physiologi...
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PMID: 17658012
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We conclude that subsets of enteroendocrine cells in the midjejunum and brush cells (more generally distributed) are equipped to utilize alpha-gustducin signaling in mice. Intestinal taste modalities may be signaled by these enteroendocrine cells via the release of 5-HT, GLP-1, or coexpressed mediat...
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PMID: 17290008
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.