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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
X-Ray Intensifying Screens (0):
Recent article
X-Ray Intensifying Screens
Abstract
In flat-panel detector-based cone beam CT breast imaging (CBCTBI) systems, scattering is an important factor that degrades image quality. It is not practical to measure the scattering profiles of a breast for all view angles in a patient study, but it is possible to develop a method to estimate the s...
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PMID: 21422591
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
The real-time imaging is important in automatic successive inspection with micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT). Generally, the size of the detector is chosen according to the most probable size of the measured object to acquire all the projection data. Given enough imaging area and imaging resol...
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PMID: 21422587
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Breast Cancer (17)3 2010
Abstract
Digital systems have replaced screen-film systems, and have already been used for a screening program. The diagnostic performance of digital systems has been compared with that of screen-film systems, as the golden standard of breast cancer screening. Several studies have demonstrated they are super...
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PMID: 20143190
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Breast Cancer (17)3 2010
Abstract
Digital mammography has been proposed as an alternative to screen-film mammography. Digital mammography has many technical advantages over film mammography, including image-enhancement capability, faster image acquisition, and better storage and transmission for archiving. However, its full potentia...
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PMID: 20082161
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Acta Radiologica (51)5 2010
Abstract
Women were recalled for diagnostic work-up most often due to tumor-like mass. It was more common in SFM (1.08% per woman screened) than in DM (0.93%). The second most common finding was parenchymal distortion and asymmetry, more often in DM (0.58%) than in SFM (0.37%). Calcifications were the third...
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PMID: 20429762
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (37)6 2010
Abstract
Electronic portal imaging devices based on megavoltage (MV), active matrix, flat-panel imagers (AMFPIs) are presently regarded as the gold standard in portal imaging for external beam radiation therapy. These devices, employing indirect detection of incident radiation by means of a metal plate plus...
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PMID: 20632584
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (37)6 2010
Abstract
To report on the sensitivity of single field planar measurements in identifying IMRT plans with poor calculational accuracy.
Three IMRT plans for head and neck cancer were subjected to extensive quality assurance. The plans were recalculated on a cylindrical phantom and between eight and 18 low grad...
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PMID: 20632563
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
To assess the reliability of high resolution intra-oral photostimulable storage phosphor (PSP) and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imaging systems for working length (WL) assessment of small K-files in narrow and curved root canals. Eleven narrow and curved canals from extracted molar...
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PMID: 19452176
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (37)3 2010
Abstract
A numerical model and the experimental methods to study the x-ray exposure dependent change in the modulation transfer function (MTF) of amorphous selenium (a-Se) based active matrix flat panel imagers (AMFPIs) are described. The physical mechanisms responsible for the x-ray exposure dependent change...
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PMID: 20384271
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (37)3 2010
Abstract
Although x-ray projection mammography has been very effective in early detection of breast cancer, its utility is reduced in the detection of small lesions that are occult or in dense breasts. One drawback is that the inherent superposition of parenchymal structures makes visualization of small lesio...
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PMID: 20384260
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
While applying identical exposure values the NIP system for all features revealed superior ratings to those of the PIP system (AUC (VGC) values ranged from 0.81 for "cardiac silhouette" to 0.92 for "trachea"). Even when reducing mAs by 50 % in the NIP images all features were rated better compared w...
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PMID: 19859865
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Radiologic Technology (81)6 2010
Abstract
Medical Physics (37)1 2010
Abstract
Gafchromic XR-QA films were developed for patient dosimetry in diagnostic radiology. A possible application of these films is the measurement of doses in computed tomography. In this study a method to evaluate the CTDI using Gafchromic XR-QA film and a flatbed scanner was developed and tested. Film...
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PMID: 20175481
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (37)1 2010
Abstract
Our initial tests indicate that the EPID system, together with the PDIP tool, is a suitable device for the verification of IMAT plan delivery; however, additional tests are necessary to confirm these results....
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PMID: 20175500
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
It is well recognized in projection radiography that low-contrast detectability suffers in heavily attenuating regions due to excessively low x-ray fluence to the image receptor and higher noise levels. Exposure equalization can improve image quality by increasing the x-ray exposure to heavily atten...
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PMID: 19887717
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Academic Radiology (16)8 2009
Abstract
Diffraction-enhanced images of the cadaveric tali allowed the visualization of cartilage and its specific level of degeneration for each specimen. There was a significant correlation between the grade of cartilage integrity as assessed on the tube diffraction-enhanced images and on their respective...
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PMID: 19580954
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (36)6 2009
Abstract
In medical mammographic imaging systems, one type of detector configuration, often referred to as indirect detectors, is based on a scintillator layer (phosphor screen) that converts the x-ray radiation into optical signal. The indirect detector performance may be optimized either by improving the s...
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PMID: 19610287
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (36)6 2009
Abstract
Our bar-pattern based MTF measurement features a novel zero-frequency normalization scheme that eliminates normalization errors typically associated with traditional bar-pattern measurements at megavoltage x-ray energies. The bar-pattern QA phantom and open-field images are used in conjunction with...
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PMID: 19610289
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
During the period from 3/1/2006 to 5/31/2008, 8 % of the analog systems and 1 % of the digital systems exhibited problems in the daily QA. For 9 % of the analog MUs and 17 % of the digital MUs, failures appeared in the monthly QA. In the annual control, 86.7 % of the analog units exhibited slight pr...
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PMID: 19391067
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (36)5 2009
Abstract
An amorphous silicon EPID has been investigated to determine whether it is capable of quality control constancy measurements for linear accelerator electron beams. The EPID grayscale response was found to be extremely linear with dose over a wide dose range and, more specifically, for exposures of 9...
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PMID: 19544805
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have studied the variations of (i) the modulation transfer function, (ii) the Swank factor and (iii) the zero-frequency detective quantum efficiency (DQE), under several conditions employed in conventional and digital mammography and radiology. Several evaluations are provided for the imaging met...
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PMID: 19141882
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We applied our proposed method to EPID cine images (226 frames) of 12 clinical cases (ages: 51-83, mean: 72) with a non-small cell lung cancer. As a result, the average location error between tumor points obtained by our method and the manual method was 1.47 +/- 0.60 mm. This preliminary study sugge...
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PMID: 19131668
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Of the plates, 42.2% were uncontaminated, 57.8% yielded bacterial colonies, and 15.6% of those colonies demonstrated hemolytic growth. The hemolytic growth included combined alpha and beta hemolysis and beta only hemolysis. Six colonies were gram-positive rods and 7 were gram-positive cocci. CONCLUS...
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PMID: 18656390
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Flat-panel volume computerized tomography, which is currently used only as a research tool, has a high potential in detection and differentiation at an early stage of external root resorption cavities with pathologic relevance.....
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PMID: 18602316
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Grid evaluation for a screen-film x-ray system has typically included independent measurement of the opposing contrast improvement factor and Bucky factor. Neither of these metrics, however, is appropriate when assessing grid performance in a digital imaging environment. For digital radiographic sys...
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PMID: 19098352
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find the optimal settings for lumbar spine radiography with a flat-panel detector. A CDRAD contrast-detail phantom was imaged at various tube potentials, system speeds and filtration settings. Factorial experiments yielded a range of optimized exposure settings, whic...
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PMID: 19095816
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (36)1 2009
Abstract
Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOS) active pixel sensors can be optically coupled to CsI:Tl phosphors forming a indirect active pixel flat panel imager (APFPI) for high performance medical imaging. The aim of this work is to determine the x-ray imaging capabilities of CMOS-based APFPI an...
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PMID: 19235380
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Higher proportions of correct readings were obtained with the conventional film (Kodak Insight) and CCD receptor compared with the PSP receptor used in this study (PSP < CCD
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Radiation Medicine (26)10 2008
Abstract
The aim of this study was to introduce a prototype cone-beam computed tomography system equipped with a flat panel detector (FPD-CT system) and measure its radiation dose and spatial and lowcontrast resolution.
A patient was rotated in a sitting position, and cone bea...
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PMID: 19132496
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (35)12 2008
Abstract
The authors are investigating the concept of a direct-conversion flat-panel imager with avalanche gain for low-dose x-ray imaging. It consists of an amorphous selenium (a-Se) photoconductor partitioned into a thick drift region for x-ray-to-charge conversion and a relatively thin region called high-...
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PMID: 19175080
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endodontics (34)12 2008
Abstract
This study compared digital and digitized panoramic radiographs to detect incipient periapical lesions using the digital subtraction radiography (DSR) technique. Bone defects were created in 77 apical sites of dried human mandibles through the application of 70% perchloric acid. Conventional and dig...
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PMID: 19026882
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For each dose, NIP images were significantly superior (P < .001), whereas FPD images and PIP images were significantly inferior (P < .01). NIP images obtained with 65-, 43-, and 20-micro Gy doses were significantly superior to reference images and to FPD and PIP images obtained with a 65-micro Gy do...
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PMID: 19001150
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Health Physics (95)5 2008
Abstract
Cone-beam imaging has gained broad acceptance in dentistry in the last 5 years. The purpose of this review is to describe the use in dentistry and consider issues requiring further development. Cone-beam machines emit an x-ray beam shaped liked a cone rather than a fan as in conventional computed to...
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PMID: 18849696
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Health Physics (95)5 2008
Abstract
Digital radiography devices, rapidly replacing analog screen-film detectors, are now common in diagnostic radiological imaging, where implementation has been accelerated by the commodity status of electronic imaging and display systems. The shift from narrow latitude, fixed-speed screen-film detecto...
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PMID: 18849693
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Modified methods to decrease the occurrence of image artifacts using PSP digital radiographic system are encouraged....
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PMID: 18547836
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We review different modulation transfer function (MTF) evaluation techniques and those shown to be optimal are used in the investigation of two considerations key to such a system: (i) whether there is a minimum size sensor whose MTF can accurately be determined using these techniques and (ii) wheth...
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PMID: 19045885
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In the proximal anteverted femur, guide pin shift in the anteroposterior fluoroscopic view occurred during correction of pin position in the lateral plane. The amount of shift was directly related to the amount of anteversion....
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PMID: 18703183
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Clinical Radiology (63)10 2008
Abstract
Dynamic, flat-panel, solid-state, x-ray image detectors for use in digital fluoroscopy and fluorography emerged at the turn of the millennium. This new generation of dynamic detectors utilize a thin layer of x-ray absorptive material superimposed upon an electronic active matrix array fabricated in...
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PMID: 18774353
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
European Radiology (18)10 2008
Abstract
We obtained the images from 100 subjects who had undergone abdominal CT. They consisted of 41 patients with a single space-occupying lesion (SOL) in the liver and 59 control subjects with no SOL. Independently, five radiologists rated their confidence concerning the presence of hepatic SOLs on a con...
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PMID: 18463876
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Digital Imaging (21 Suppl 1) 2008
Abstract
Our preliminary results indicate a potential role for the use of radiologists' search paths in evaluating the relative ergonomic efficiencies of different display paradigms, but systematic training and practice is necessary to eliminate training curve and novelty effects before search strategies can...
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PMID: 17874330
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Due to the fact that the CBCT images were reformatted slices of the maxilla and mandible, they were free of magnification, superimposition of neighboring structures, and other problems inherent to panoramic radiology. This may result in very clear images that better depict the mandibular canal....
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PMID: 18848113
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Radiation Medicine (26)8 2008
Abstract
The diagnostic value of the TR images was similar to that of the SZ images, with the findings identified in 88%-100% of the cases. Artifacts from high-density structures deteriorated the image quality in six (14%), and the SZ images were judged to be preferable in five of them. In the phantom study,...
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PMID: 18975048
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
AADE editors' journal (63)10 2008
Abstract
Dynamic, flat-panel, solid-state, x-ray image detectors for use in digital fluoroscopy and fluorography emerged at the turn of the millennium. This new generation of dynamic detectors utilize a thin layer of x-ray absorptive material superimposed upon an electronic active matrix array fabricated in...
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PMID: 18774353
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
AADE editors' journal (39)10 2008
Abstract
In the proximal anteverted femur, guide pin shift in the anteroposterior fluoroscopic view occurred during correction of pin position in the lateral plane. The amount of shift was directly related to the amount of anteversion....
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PMID: 18703183
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (35)10 2008
Abstract
The H operator represents the deterministic performance of any imaging system. For a linear, digital imaging system, this system operator can be written in terms of a matrix, H, that describes the deterministic response of the system to a set of point objects. A singular value decomposition of this...
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PMID: 18975719
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (35)10 2008
Abstract
Electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) integrated with medical linear accelerators utilize an indirect-detection EPID configuration (ID-EPID). Amorphous silicon ID-EPIDs provide high quality low dose images for verification of radiotherapy treatments but they have limitations as dosimeters. The s...
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PMID: 18975682
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Medical Physics (35)10 2008
Abstract
Protein crystallography is the most important technique for resolving the three-dimensional atomic structure of protein by measuring the intensity of its x-ray diffraction pattern. This work proposes a large area flat panel detector for protein crystallography based on direct conversion x-ray detect...
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PMID: 18975678
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Image quality (IQ) evaluation plays a key role in the process of optimization of new x-ray systems. Ideally, this process should be supported by real clinical images, but ethical issues and differences in anatomy and pathology of patients make it impossible. Phantom studies might overcome these issu...
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PMID: 18711249
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although radiographs are an indispensable diagnostic tool, the increased effective doses of common intraoral and extraoral imaging techniques are high enough to warrant reconsideration of means to reduce patients' exposure. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians can reduce patients' dose substantively by...
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PMID: 18762634
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For contrast, sharpness, and the detection of all anatomic structures, FFDM was rated significantly better (p<0.05). Mass lesions were equally detected, whereas FFDM detected more lesions consisting of calcifications (85 versus 75). DSPM yielded two false-negative results. Both lesions were rated BI...
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PMID: 17890036
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The ESD of a single 3D imaging study was considerably lower than the thresholds for radiation skin injuries. The DAP values are useful to estimate the maximum patient ESD during 3D imaging....
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PMID: 18725100
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) have been the preferred tools for verification of patient positioning for radiotherapy in recent decades. Since EPID images contain dose information, many groups have investigated their use for radiotherapy dose measurement. With the introduction of the amor...
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PMID: 18706727
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare detection of non-cavitated approximal caries lesions in images from seven solid-state intraoral digital receptors, with particular focus on two task-specific enhancement filters. One hundred and sixty approximal non-cavitated surfaces were radiographed under stan...
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PMID: 18210170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Oral Science (50)3 2008
Abstract
Breakage of needles is one of the most frustrating and distressing complications of local anesthesia. It is also one of the easiest to prevent. This article describes the use of the C-arm digital fluoroscope for retrival of a broken dental needle from the pterygomandibular space.
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PMID: 18818474
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The A(z)-value for CBCT was 0.74 (standard deviation (SD) = 0.14) and for FMX 0.48 (SD = 0.09). The difference was significant (ANOVA: P < 0.01). The diagnostic accuracy of CBCT was lower for anterior teeth (A(z) = 0.59) than for molars (A(z) = 0.82) and premolars (A(z) = 0.79) (Tukey's HSD (honestl...
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PMID: 18757716
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
For SPP radiographs, an increased theoretical spatial resolution per se is not related to an improved detection of proximal caries....
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PMID: 18757717
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The digital monitor technique generally scored better than digital film viewing and analog readings. The McNemar test for multiple paired comparisons mostly yielded a p value of < 0.0005. The smallest volume category counted as the most valid test scenario for all raters, where the percentage of cor...
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PMID: 18716083
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endodontics (34)9 2008
Abstract
The aims of this study were to compare film and digital radiography in assessing the radiopacities of root canal sealers and to establish the relation in aluminum equivalent values of different methods. Standard disks of 5 different sealers were exposed together with an aluminum step wedge by using...
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PMID: 18718374
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Endodontics (34)9 2008
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare three direct digital sensors (Kodak 6100 [Rochester, NY], Schick CDR [Long Island City, NY], and Dexis PerfectSize [Alpharetta, GA]), a phosphor plate system (OpTime; Milwaukee, WI), and F-speed film to standard D-speed film in the detection of artificial bon...
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PMID: 18718376
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found that errors occurred throughout the treatment and it was not possible to predict patients who could have daily imaging omitted. Concordance between radiation therapists and radiation oncologists for identification of error was also investigated. Despite the use of familiar electronic portal...
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PMID: 18811767
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.