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Chromium Compounds (2):
Recent article
Chromium Compounds
Abstract
We examined the role of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) against hexavalent chromium Cr (VI)-induced damage in rat thyroid gland. Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and ascorbic acid doses were 60 microg and 120 mg kg(-1) body wt (intraperitoneally [i.p.]) respectively. Treatment regimens were group I rats, sa...
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PMID: 20504825
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Advanced Materials (FRG) (22)25 2010
Abstract
Abstract
The catalytic performance of various metal chlorides in the conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid in liquid water at high temperatures was investigated. The effects of reaction parameters on the yield of levulinic acid were also explored. The results showed that alkali and alkaline earth metal c...
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PMID: 20714297
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
PoDFluX is a new Monte Carlo ray-tracing program that simulates from first principles x-ray powder diffraction from crystalline materials and x-ray fluorescence from materials with a defined elemental composition. This model has been written primarily for the optimization of miniaturized planetary x...
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PMID: 19655961
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There was no significant difference between lymph node-positive rates and the incidences of major complications (P>0.05). The rate of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in surgery plus (32)P-CP group was prominently lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Three-year and 5-year survival rat...
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PMID: 19398935
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Biochemical Pharmacology (77)6 2009
Abstract
We synthesized the chromium (phenylalanine)(3) [Cr(D-phe)(3)] by chelating chromium(III) with D-phenylalanine ligand in aqueous solution to improve the bioavailability of chromium, and reported that Cr(D-phe)(3) improved insulin sensitivity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key mediator for...
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PMID: 19073152
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Aquatic Toxicology (91)4 2009
Abstract
We have recently reported significantly high levels of chromium in skin tissue from North Atlantic right whales. These findings demonstrate that marine species are being exposed to chromium. It is possible that such exposures may be playing a role in population declines evident among certain marine...
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PMID: 19157580
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The reactions of either p-tert-butylcalix[4]areneH(4) [Cax(OH)(4)], 1,3-dimethoxy-p-tert-butylcalix[4]areneH(2) [Cax(OH)(2)(OMe)(2)] or p-tert-butylcalix[6]areneH(6) [Cax[6](OH)(6)] with alkali metal cations and the chromium complexes [CrCl(3)(THF)(3)] or [CrCl(2)(THF)] (THF = tetrahydrofuran) are d...
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PMID: 19322496
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Metal-on-metal bearing couples remain a popular option in total hip arthroplasty and are the only currently available option for surface replacement arthroplasty. In general, the intermediate-term clinical performance of metal-on-metal bearings has been favorable. There are, however, lingering conce...
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PMID: 19202120
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Microbial Ecology (57)2 2009
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that Cr(VI) is readily reduced to oxoCr(V)-diols at the surface of Arthrobacter oxydans-a Gram-positive aerobic bacteria isolated from Columbia basalt rocks originated from a highly contaminated site in the USA. Here, we report an electron spin resonance (ESR) study of Cr(...
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PMID: 19067030
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Hazardous Materials (160)2-3 2008
Abstract
The pre-Cambrian chromites ore deposits in Sukinda valley, Jajpur District, Orissa, India, are well known for chromite ore deposits. The exploitation of the ore is carried out through open cast mining method since the last few decades. In the process, the overburden and ore dumps are stored on groun...
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PMID: 18450374
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 1 disease changes the activity of fatty acid degradation as compared to healthy animals. Supplementation in vitro with microelements chromium Cr3+ and selenium Se4+ and Se2- in non-toxic ([96.15 pmol (5 ppm) for chromium and 6.33 micromol (0.5 ppm) for selenium] concentrations...
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PMID: 19256291
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
NPHP is an autosomal recessive chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy that progresses to ESRD. In the 2006 NAPRTCS report, NPHP was the primary diagnosis in 2.8% of all renal transplant patients. At our pediatric center, that covers a population in which the NPHP1 gene is prevalent, 24% of transplan...
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PMID: 19000067
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of a steroid avoidance protocol in pediatric renal transplant recipients on calculated CrCl (Schwartz), CMV infection, cholesterol, height Z scores, weight Z scores, and BMI Z scores in a case control trial with contemporaneous controls. From 1999 to 2004, 19 pediatric patien...
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PMID: 18482211
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explored the hypothesis that Cr(VI)-induced DPCs could be formed via generation of protein carbonyls and malonaldehyde (MDA) through protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, respectively. Treatment of human leukemic T-lymphocyte MOLT4 cells with potassium chromate induced the formation of protei...
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PMID: 18615841
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
A hydrogen reduction and activated sintering process was proposed to prepare chromic oxide green pigment. Through ICP, XRD, SEM, FT-IR, UV, and CIE-L*a*b* colorimetric analysis, key factors and mechanism that influenced preparation of chromic oxide green pigment were studied. The results revealed th...
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PMID: 18939551
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The paper reports on obtaining highly dispersed chromium(III) silicates and chromium(III) oxides from postchromating waste by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) with hydrazine as a reducing agent. Chromium(III) salt solution and sodium silicate or hydroxide solutions have been used to precipitate green...
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PMID: 18939590
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Science of the Total Environment (403)1-3 2008
Abstract
We investigate the effect of umbilical cord blood chromium levels (UCBCLs) on neonates from Guiyu and discuss chromium-induced DNA damage of cord blood lymphocyte. Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from neonates of Guiyu (in 2006, n=100; in 2007, n=100) and the neighboring town of Chaonan...
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PMID: 18603282
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A new tris(2-aminoethyl) amine (TREN) functionalized silica gel (SG-TREN) was prepared and investigated for selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) of trace Cr(III), Cd(II) and Pb(II) prior to its determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Identification of th...
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PMID: 18295398
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a cytotoxic metal that can be associated with a variety of types of DNA damage, including Cr-DNA adducts and strand breaks. Prior studies with purified human cytochrome b(5) and NADPH:P450 reductase in reconstituted proteoliposomes (PLs) demonstrated rapid reduction of Cr(VI) (hexav...
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PMID: 18729091
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Toxicology In Vitro (22)5 2008
Abstract
We analyzed the effect of the metals As3+ (5 microM), Cd2+ (5 microM), and Cr6+ (25 microM) on the transcriptional activation of the Nqo1 gene and post-transcriptional modifications, in Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Both As3+ and Cd2+ induced Nqo1 mRNA in a time-dependent manner and potentiated TCDD-induced Nqo...
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PMID: 18474416
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Mutation Research (654)1 2008
Abstract
I included 30 tannery workers highly exposed to chromium from tanning department; (ii) exposure group II included 30 tannery workers with moderate chromium exposure from finishing department; (iii) control group included 30 individuals without exposure to physical or chemical genotoxic agents. No si...
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PMID: 18541454
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Flexible nanoporous chromium or iron terephtalates (BDC) MIL-53(Cr, Fe) or M(OH)[BDC] have been used as matrices for the adsorption and in vitro drug delivery of Ibuprofen (or alpha- p-isobutylphenylpropionic acid). Both MIL-53(Cr) and MIL-53(Fe) solids adsorb around 20 wt % of Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen/...
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PMID: 18454528
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemosphere (72)5 2008
Abstract
We investigated the impact of Cr on photosynthetic gas exchange, photosystem II (PSII) activity, Cr translocation and accumulation, proline content and alkaloids production, i.e. scopolamine and hyoscyamine, in Datura innoxia. Cr uptake was influenced by its oxidation state and its concentration in...
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PMID: 18472140
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We used standard toxicity bioassays (semi-static, chronic) to evaluate EDTA as a chelating agent for reducing trivalent and hexavalent chromium toxicity on Petrolisthes laevigatus. Crab survival decreased linearly with increased chromium concentrations and dropped significantly beginning at 40 mg/L...
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PMID: 18369522
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The cement industry is considered as a major pollution problem because of dust and particulate matter emitted at various steps of cement production. In the present study, volunteer male workers from a cement factory were studied for oxidative and nitrosative stress biomarkers in relation to their se...
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PMID: 18784198
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chromium is a non-essential and well-known toxic metal for microorganisms and plants. The widespread industrial use of this heavy metal has caused it to be considered as a serious environmental pollutant. Chromium exists in nature as two main species, the trivalent form, Cr(III), which is relatively...
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PMID: 17934697
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Inorganic Chemistry (47)10 2008
Abstract
We examined both the instability of the hexacyanochromate(II) anion and the relative energies of the different spin states of the pentacyanochromate(II) anion. By making direct comparisons to the analogous Fe (II) complex, we found that cyanide electronically behaves as a strong-field ligand for bot...
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PMID: 18433096
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Organic Chemistry (73)10 2008
Abstract
An efficient chromium-promoted alkyl- or silylcyclopropanation of alpha,beta-unsaturated amides is described. These reactions can be carried out on (E)- or (Z)-alpha,beta-enamides in which the C-C double bond is di-, or trisubstituted. This process takes place with total stereospecificity and the ne...
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PMID: 18416531
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results emphasize the care that must be taken in the characterization of compounds that may co-crystallize with structurally similar analogs....
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PMID: 18369493
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results indicated that D. vulgaris utilized lactate during Cr(VI) exposure without the reduction of sulfate or production of acetate, and that ascorbate and pyruvate could protect D. vulgaris cells from Cr(VI)/Cr(III) toxicity....
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PMID: 18265973
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The fate of two trivalent chromium salts (nitrate and chloride) in ISO algal culture medium was followed over 72 h; i.e., the typical duration of algal toxicity tests. Fifty percent of the initial Cr spikes was lost from the solutions by 24 h, with losses up to 90% after 72 h. Monitoring of the temp...
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PMID: 18345475
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine whether chromium nanoparticle (CrNano) exhibited higher absorption efficiency and possessed unique absorption mechanism in comparison to chromium picolinate (CrPic) and chromium chloride (CrCl(3)), as was postulated by previous reports. Twenty-one-day-old Caco-2...
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PMID: 18336409
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The tricarbonylchromium unit bound to the arene ring of the chiral title complex, [Cr(C(19)H(26)O(3))(CO)(3)], is rotated by ca 25 degrees in agreement with the proposed mechanism for 1,5-asymmetric induction of nucleophilic attack.
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PMID: 18391373
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Research on the effect of UV radiation on stabilized collagen is an area of potential interest owing to the fact that collagen is an important biomaterial finding immense use in various fields. In this present study, effect of UV irradiation on collagen stabilized using chromium(III) has been studie...
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PMID: 17945471
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We employed Phosphoric-32P-acid and Chromic 32P-phosphate in combination with natural rubber or silicone to produce the patches. Stability studies in vitro to evaluate the leakage of radioactivity, autoradiographic studies to evaluate homogeneity and shielding, as well as therapeutic efficacy in an...
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PMID: 17954028
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Using sea urchin early embryos as a pertinent model, chromium(III) provoked cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. The molecular machinery of translation initiation was investigated. Chromium provoked a time- and dose-dependent increase in the level of 4E-BP protein, the natural regulator of the c...
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PMID: 18197632
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Organic Letters (10)2 2008
Stereospecific and stereoselective alkyl and silylcyclopropanation of alpha,beta-unsaturated amides.
Abstract
A novel chromium-promoted alkyl- and silyl cyclopropanation of (E)- or (Z)-alpha,beta-unsaturated amides in which the C-C double bond is di-, or trisubstituted is described. This process takes place with total stereospecificity, and the new stereogenic center is generated with high or total stereose...
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PMID: 18088136
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although uncorrelated with soluble Cr(VI), urinary Cr (24 h) is effectively related to the soluble fraction of airborne chromium. In the case of chromium electroplating, correspondence between exposure and excretion appears to be governed by relationships different to those emerging from stainless s...
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PMID: 17605030
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ophthalmologica (222)5 2008
Abstract
The mean aqueous humor Cr concentration in eyes with diabetes cataract was significantly lower than that from eyes with senile cataract (p < 0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference between the serum Cr concentrations of the diabetic group and the control group (p < 0.001). CONC...
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PMID: 18617756
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Experimental Animals (57)1 2008
Abstract
Freshly defecated unsporulated oocysts of Eimeria piriformis from rabbit were treated with various concentrations (1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%) of chromium compounds, potassium dichromate, potassium chromate, chromium oxide and chromium nitrate, to examine their effect on sporulation. The sporulation time...
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PMID: 18256522
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Salting-out of homogeneous mixed solvent of 2-propanol can be employed to extract Cr(VI) quantitatively, as an ion-pair of [2-PrOH2+ * CrO3Cl-] solvated by 2-PrOH molecules. Then, the complex becomes 'solvent-like' and is readily separated into the organic phase. The increase of Cl- ion concentratio...
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PMID: 18306885
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
1. The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of both single and combination treatment with Yunke (technetium-99 conjugated with methylene diphosphonate; (99)Tc-MDP) and colloidal chromic phosphate (32)P (phosphonium-32) in rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA). 2. Rats were randomly allocat...
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PMID: 18047623
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Toxicology (242)1-3 2007
Abstract
We confirmed the misclassification of MeHg. MeHg causes developmental abnormalities in the brain. We therefore aimed to improve the in vitro prediction of MeHg embryotoxicity by including a neuronal ES cell differentiation assay. Differentiation of neuronal-like cells was demonstrated by real-time P...
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PMID: 17980949
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Chemosphere (69)11 2007
Abstract
In all tanning technology operations wastes are generated. These reach the environment as residual waters, solid and liquid waste as well as atmospheric emissions and odours. This study tests an alternative method to the traditional tanning method at an industrial level. The new method is based on t...
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PMID: 17631945
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The structure of trans-[CrCl(2)(Me(2)tn)(2)]Cl (Me(2)tn=2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine) has been determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study at 150K. The analysis reveals that there are two independent Cr(III) complex cations in the structure, one with crystallographic inversion symmetry...
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PMID: 17307384
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Analytical Sciences (23)11 2007
Abstract
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) provides an environmentally green technique to decontaminate chromium species from solid matrices using supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (ScCO2). Methanol and a small amount of water were found to significantly improve the extraction efficiency. The fluorinated...
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PMID: 17998756
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Animal Science (85)11 2007
Abstract
Our results suggest that dog foods containing blends of fermentable and nonfermentable carbohydrates produce similar physiological results as dog food containing beet pulp as a fiber source. Therefore, blends of these carbohydrates could be useful substitutes for beet pulp in dog foods....
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PMID: 17686893
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The incubation of Allium cepa L. roots in Pb(NO3)2, Cd(NO3)(2)x4H2O or Cr(NO3)(3)x9H2O solution at the concentration of 100 microM lowered the mitotic index (MI) value in meristem by 58%, 39%, 48%, respectively. The proportion of mitotic phases (mainly prophases and telophases) in MI value was also...
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PMID: 17416417
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chromite ore processing residue (COPR), derived from the so-called high-lime processing of chromite ore, contains a significant fraction of a leachable Cr(VI) which is harmful to human being and other organisms. In recent years, the concern over environmental pollution from the waste residue contain...
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PMID: 17482759
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have studied the effects of 6 weeks of treatment with three different forms of chromium (300 mug/kg) as chromium chloride, chromium tripicolinate, and chromium nanocomposite (CrNano) on growth, body composition, serum parameters, and tissue chromium in rats. The supplementation of CrNano signific...
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PMID: 17914218
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering (42)11 2007
Abstract
A new method for determining wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD) using ultrasonic digestion and titration based on oxidation reduction potential (ORP) was developed. COD values of potassium hydrogen phthalate solution obtained by ultrasonic digestion were well matched with those obtained using S...
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PMID: 17849309
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Alpha-Tris(2,4-pentanedionato-kappa2O,O')chromium(III) at 290 and 110 K: a new delta phase at 110 K.
Abstract
The crystal structure of the title compound, [Cr(C(5)H(7)O(2))(3)], has been determined at 290 and 110 K to provide information on thermal vibrations and disorder. The alpha polymorph at room temperature has been reported [Morosin (1965). Acta Cryst. 19, 131-137]. The reinvestigation of this structu...
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PMID: 17675689
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
On day 22, evaluation of 1 fecal sample/pig and multiple fecal samples per pig resulted in identification of as many as 40% and only 15% of the feed-treated pigs wrongly as noneaters, respectively. Repeated sampling over multiple days would identify 99% of eaters accurately. Pigs erroneously identif...
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PMID: 17605610
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Chromium (III) is an essential micronutrient required for normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as helps insulin metabolize fat, turn protein into muscle and convert sugar into energy. A broad spectrum of research investigations including in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies dem...
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PMID: 17555823
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Hazardous Materials (145)1-2 2007
Abstract
In the present investigation, a fresh water green algae spirogyra spp. was used as an inexpensive and efficient biosorbent for Cr(III) removal from aqueous solution. The algal biomass was treated with 0.1M NaOH, 0.2M CaCl(2) and 5% HCHO. The biosorption efficiency was compared with untreated biomass...
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PMID: 17147978
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
These results confirm that chromium and nickel, while not good skin carcinogens per se, are enhancers of UVR-induced skin cancers in Skh1 mice. Data also suggest that the enhancement of UVR-induced skin cancers by chromate may not be oxidatively mediated since the antioxidant vitamin E as well as se...
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PMID: 17499830
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of supplemental trivalent Cr in subjects with reduced insulin sensitivity with no documented signs of toxicity. However, recent studies have questioned the safety of supplemental trivalent Cr complexes. The objective of this study was to evaluate...
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PMID: 17512455
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.