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Welcome to the Pubget Medical Subject Headings (MESH) browser. Click on a topic or subtopic below to explore related papers. In the gold box is the most recent paper about the current MESH term, and below are 20 related papers.
Central Nervous System (3):
Recent article
Central Nervous System
Abstract
We use Drosophila to explore the as yet unknown mechanisms regulating this privileged tissue growth. As in mammals, we observe in Drosophila that the CNS is more highly spared than other tissues during nutrient restriction (NR). We demonstrate that anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Alk) efficiently protec...
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PMID: 21816278
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Journal of Neuroscience (31)31 2011
Abstract
We targeted myeloid cell subsets from different compartments and examined disease pathogenesis in three different mouse models of AD (APP(swe/PS1), APP(swe), and APP23 mice). We identified chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-expressing myeloid cells as the population that was preferentially recruited to β-...
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PMID: 21813677
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show here that establishment of select CNS longitudinal tracts and formation of precise mechanosensory afferent innervation to the same CNS region are coordinately regulated by the secreted semaphorins Sema-2a and Sema-2b. Both Sema-2a and Sema-2b utilize the same neuronal receptor, plexin B (Ple...
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PMID: 21521614
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Physiological Reviews (91)2 2011
Abstract
Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system, disseminate through the brain parenchyma, and acquire a specific ramified morphological phenotype termed "...
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PMID: 21527731
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We summarize all the inhibitors of uPAR that have been created so far. Finally, we discuss the functions of uPAR in the development, functioning, and pathology of the central nervous system....
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PMID: 20874700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We focus on the recent main contribuitions of natural products chemistry to the discovery of new chemical entities usefull to the control and prevention of AD installation and progression. More than sixteen plant species, including Ginseng, Celastrus paniculatus, Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, Gi...
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PMID: 20874701
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Neurochemistry (116)5 2011
Abstract
Abstract
We discuss the properties of the different subunits and their distribution to determine if they contribute to functional changes in the 5-HT₃ receptor. Several recent pharmacogenomic studies have revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and other variations in the different 5-HT₃ receptor...
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PMID: 21189117
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Innate immunity is an arsenal of molecules and receptors expressed by professional phagocytes, glial cells and neurons and involved in host defence and clearance of toxic and dangerous cell debris. However, any uncontrolled innate immune responses within the central nervous system (C...
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PMID: 21143144
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Innate immune responses in the central nervous system must be tightly regulated as unrestrained activation generates a chronic inflammatory environment that can contribute to neurodegeneration and autoimmunity. Microglia express a wide variety of receptors of the innate immune system...
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PMID: 21143142
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Innate immune responses in the central nervous system must be tightly regulated as unrestrained activation generates a chronic inflammatory environment that can contribute to neurodegeneration and autoimmunity. Microglia express a wide variety of receptors of the innate immune system...
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PMID: 21143142
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Molecular Pain (7)1 2011
Abstract
We examine their potential involvement in nociception and synaptic plasticity in superficial spinal dorsal horn. Changes of lower spinal cord dura mast cells and their contribution to hyperalgesia are examined in animal models of peripheral neurogenic and non-neurogenic inflammation....
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PMID: 21639869
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
The Lancet (377)9759 2011
Abstract
The Lancet (377)9759 2011
Abstract
The Lancet (377)9759 2011
Abstract
Abstract
Psychiatry Research (184)3 2010
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZs), which are typically used as anxiolytics, act by modulating inhibitory signaling through gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA)(A) receptors. Functionally, the inhibitory effects of GABA may be counterbalanced by the excitatory effects of glutamate (Glu) as the two neurotransmitter s...
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PMID: 21055907
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
AAPS Journal (12)4 2010
Abstract
We highlight the utility of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based peptidomics to enable the discovery of endogenous prolyl peptidase substrates directly from tissues, and demonstrate the utility of this information in understanding the biochemical and physiological functions of the prolyl pe...
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PMID: 20552307
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neurological Surgery (38)12 2010
Abstract
Abstract
A microglial cell is both a glial cell of the central nervous system and a mononuclear phagocyte, which belongs to the haematopoietic system and is involved in inflammatory and immune responses. As such, microglia face a challenging task. The neurons of the central nervous system cannot divide and b...
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PMID: 21068834
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our study investigated whether a single 300-mg dose of pregabalin in patients has sufficient central nervous system bioavailability to be useful under acute conditions where brain or spinal cord excitability may lead to long-term disease, such as chronic pain.
Nine patients undergoing primary total...
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PMID: 20975469
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our understanding of the complex signaling neurophysiology of the central nervous system has facilitated the exploration of potential novel receptor-ligand system targets for disorders of this most complex organ. In recent years, many relatively neglected receptor-ligand systems have been re-evaluat...
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PMID: 20632965
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that T(H)17 differentiation can occur in the absence of TGF-β signalling. Neither IL-6 nor IL-23 alone efficiently generated T(H)17 cells; however, these cytokines in combination with IL-1β effectively induced IL-17 production in naive precursors, independently of TGF-β. Epigenetic modifi...
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PMID: 20962846
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Macromolecular Bioscience (10)10 2010
Abstract
The applicability of CMCht/PAMAM dendrimer nanoparticles for CNS applications was investigated. AFM and TEM observations revealed that the nanoparticles possessed a nanosphere-like shape with a size from 22.0 to 30.7 nm. The nanoparticles could be bound to fluorescent-probe FITC fo...
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PMID: 20602413
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe methods for using fluorescent antibody staining as well as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immunohistochemistry to reveal axon-projection patterns and identify specific guidance molecules. In the presence of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB), HRP forms a brown, stable precipita...
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PMID: 20889700
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Tissue & Cell (42)5 2010
Abstract
Our results indicate the presence of a nitrergic signaling system in young and adult M. abbreviatus, and the probable involvement of glial cells in NO production.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20817239
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Parasitology Research (107)5 2010
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have indicated that helminth infections can ameliorate autoimmune diseases. The present study investigated the amelioration effect of the Trichinella pseudospiralis infection on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a T-cell-mediated autoimmune dis...
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PMID: 20661746
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have discussed the role of APO E polymorphisms in cerebrovascular and coronary heart diseases. The status of APO E polymorphisms and their disease associations in Asian Indians besides, other populations has also been discussed. Further, studies elucidating the pathophysiology of apo E deficiency...
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PMID: 20966513
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ideggyogyaszati szemle (63)9-10 2010
Abstract
Biochemical Journal (431)2 2010
Abstract
We studied the efficacy and selectivity of BmK I to three neuronal VGSCs co-expressed with the auxiliary β1 subunit in Xenopus oocytes. Results revealed that BmK I induced a large increase in both transient and persistent currents in mNav1.6α/β1 (where m indicates mouse), which correlated with a...
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PMID: 20678086
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Kidney International (78)10 2010
Abstract
We recently showed that levels of the soluble form of the chemokine CX3CL1 are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with active NPSLE. In this review, we will discuss the involvement of chemokines in the pathogenesis of NPSLE and their significance as a useful laboratory parameter indicat...
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PMID: 17981732
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Pharmacology (21)5-6 2010
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a 42-amino acid hormone, secreted from the enteroendocrine K cells, which has insulin-releasing and extra-pancreatic actions. GIP and its receptor present a widespread distribution in the mammalian brain where they have been implicated with synap...
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PMID: 20574409
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Pharmacology (21)5-6 2010
Abstract
We will discuss the latest findings on the specific or redundant roles of individual HDACs in the brain as well as the impact of HDAC function on complex behavior, with a focus on learning, memory formation, and affective behavior. Potential HDAC-mediated cellular mechanisms underlying those behavio...
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PMID: 20555253
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Trends in Neurosciences (33)9 2010
Abstract
Serotonin is an important neuromodulator associated with a wide range of physiological effects in the central nervous system. The exact mechanisms whereby serotonin influences brain development are not well understood, although studies in invertebrate and vertebrate model organisms are beginning to...
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PMID: 20561690
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences (37 Suppl 2) 2010
Abstract
All currently approved therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) modulate systemic immune components prior to their entry into the central nervous system (CNS). Available data indicate they lack impact on the progressive phases of disease; the more potent systemic immune-directed agents predispose to de...
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PMID: 21246934
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences (37 Suppl 2) 2010
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been classically regarded as an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. In recent years, the classification and pathogenesis of the disease have become controversial, particularly with respect to whether an individual patient demonstrates a singl...
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PMID: 21246930
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences (37 Suppl 2) 2010
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is traditionally considered an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with much knowledge available to support this view. However, this characterization implies that the primary event is an aberrant immune response directed at CNS an...
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PMID: 21246931
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences (37 Suppl 2) 2010
Abstract
The human microbiome is comprised of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, which exert diverse effects in close proximity to the site of intection as well as in remote tissues through immune-mediated mechanisms. Multiple infectious agents have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple scler...
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PMID: 21246932
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Fitoterapia (81)6 2010
Abstract
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia, Risso) is a fruit most knowledgeable for its essential oil (BEO) used in aromatherapy to minimize symptoms of stress-induced anxiety and mild mood disorders and cancer pain though the rational basis for such applications awaits to be discovered. The behavioural and EEG spe...
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PMID: 20093169
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Autonomic Neuroscience (156)1-2 2010
Abstract
Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of energy balance. Work over the past 15 years has led to a detailed understanding of its signalling and sites of action, particularly its activation of the central melanocortin signalling pathway thr...
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PMID: 20547475
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Although nanoparticles have tremendous potential for a host of applications, their adverse effects on living cells have raised serious concerns recently for their use in the healthcare and consumer sectors. As regards the central nervous system (CNS), research data on nanoparticle interaction with n...
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PMID: 20519209
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Regulatory Peptides (163)1-3 2010
Abstract
We outline the central nervous system distribution of NUCB2/nesfatin-1, and recent developments on the peripheral expression of NUCB2/nesfatin-1, in particular its co-localization with ghrelin in gastric X/A-like cells and insulin in ss-cells of the endocrine pancreas. Functional studies related to...
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PMID: 20580651
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our observations indicate that some grape-derived polyphenolics do reach the brain, which suggests their potential value for applications in neurodegenerative disorders....
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PMID: 20673061
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We sought to decipher this heterogeneity by integrating matched genetic alterations and candidate cells of origin to generate accurate disease models. First, we identified subgroups of human ependymoma, a form of neural tumour that arises throughout the central nervous system (CNS). Subgroup-specifi...
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PMID: 20639864
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Ideggyogyaszati szemle (63)7-8 2010
Abstract
We summarize immune responses participating in the evolution of atherosclerotic plaques and poststroke local immune responses in the injured CNS as well as in the systemic circulation. Ischemic injury of the CNS alters the balanced neuroimmune modulation resulting in CIDS, the central nervous system...
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PMID: 20812451
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Brain Research (211)2 2010
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that combined exposure to ethanol (EtOH) and methylmercury (MeHg) in rats during central nervous system development produces several behavioural impairments. This present study was done to investigate inhibitory avoidance acquisition and panic-like disorders in rats in an...
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PMID: 20346984
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Our results demonstrate that nestin can be used as a marker protein for neovascularization....
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PMID: 20421592
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We found two partial sequences of putative octopamine receptors in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (SgOctalphaR and SgOctbetaR) and investigated their transcript levels in males and females of both phases and during the transition between long-term solitarious and gregarious locusts. The tra...
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PMID: 20223248
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Astrocytic damage reflected by elevated CSF glial fibrillary acidic protein is a clinically relevant, primary pathologic process in neuromyelitis optica, and is far more severe than demyelination....
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PMID: 20644148
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
The cloning of the three tachykinin receptors in the late 1980s formed the basis of intense preclinical research efforts into the systems relating to the tachykinin receptors, as well as compound screening campaigns. Remarkably, orally active non-peptide antagonists were successfully identified for...
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PMID: 20597024
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We performed a genome-wide association study at the micro RNA (miRNA) and protein levels in human monocyte-derived macrophages (h-mdms). A total of 26 differentially expressed miRNA were identified (P < 0.01), of which hsa-miR-15b and hsa-miR-181b had the greatest increase and decrease in expression...
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PMID: 20564181
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe a novel fluorescent dye, 3-(4-aminophenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (termed case myelin compound or CMC), that can be used for in situ fluorescent imaging of myelin in the vertebrate nervous system. When administered via intravenous injection into the tail vein, CMC selectively stained large bun...
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PMID: 20354147
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and gangliosides are a group of bioactive glycolipids that include cerebrosides, globosides, and gangliosides. These lipids play major roles in signal transduction, cell adhesion, modulating growth factor/hormone receptor, antigen recognition, and protein tr...
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PMID: 20211931
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that exposure to neonatal intermittent hypoxia (n-IH) in rat pups alters central integrative processes following acute and intermittent peripheral chemoreceptor activation in adults. Newborn male rats were exposed to n-IH or normoxia for 10 consecutive days after birth. We t...
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PMID: 20410478
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated the role of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in the response to excess Aldo. A 14-day Aldo infusion at 0.35 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) via an osmotic minipump in conjunction with normal salt intake did not produce obvious disturbances in fluid metabolism in WT mice as sugge...
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PMID: 20335314
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Subcapsular sinus macrophages prevent CNS invasion on peripheral infection with a neurotropic virus.
Abstract
We show, using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a relative of rabies virus transmitted by insect bites, that SCS macrophages perform a third vital function: they prevent lymph-borne neurotropic viruses from infecting the central nervous system (CNS). On local depletion of LN macrophages, about 60%...
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PMID: 20577213
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report here that several classes of sensory axons regenerate to topographically appropriate regions of the dorsal horn with artemin treatment. Projections of regenerated muscle and cutaneous myelinated sensory afferents are restricted to the correct spinal segments and to appropriate regions with...
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PMID: 20534446
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Immunology (184)12 2010
Abstract
We demonstrate that a dense population of resident mast cells in the meninges, structures surrounding the brain and spinal cord, regulate basal CNS barrier function, facilitating initial T cell CNS entry. Through the expression of TNF, mast cells recruit an early wave of neutrophils to the CNS. We p...
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PMID: 20488789
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.