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Plants, Toxic (0):
Recent article
Plants, Toxic
Veterinary Record (169)4 2011
Abstract
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Abstract
We report here a case of colchicine intoxication caused by tubers of Gloriosa superba. A 58-year-old male ingested about 25 g of Gloriosa superba tubers by mistake. He believed that it was wild yam. He developed abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea 30 minutes after the ingestion of the plant. Forty...
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PMID: 20865911
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Three new flavonoids, oxytropisoflavans A (1) and B (2) and (6aR,11aR)-3,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan (3), together with 30 known flavonoids (4-33), were isolated from the aerial parts and roots of Oxytropis falcata. The absolute configurations of 3 and C-3 in 1 and 2 were deduced by circul...
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PMID: 20684529
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We tested the effects on food intake of the plant toxin, cineole, and regurgitated pellets from one of its predators, the powerful owl Ninox strenua at the small spatial scale of the food patch. We used the giving-up density (GUD) framework, with animals harvesting food items (sultanas) in an inedib...
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PMID: 20652597
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Tall larkspur populations with a lower MDL-type-to-MSAL-type alkaloid concentration ratio required a greater amount of MSAL-type alkaloids to cause the expected clinical signs of toxicosis (including increased heart rate) in cattle. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that the typi...
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PMID: 20367059
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if sheep could be averted to Mascagnia rigida, a toxic plant found in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Twelve female sheep naïve to M. rigida were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: control (treated with 15 mL water orally by a drench...
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PMID: 19836034
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I review the role that chemistry has played in understanding toxic and medicinal plants. After some introductory remarks, three broad areas are addressed: the role of natural products in understanding plant taxonomy and evolution, recent developments in chemical synthesis, especially efforts to disc...
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PMID: 20358684
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A large number of plants can cause adverse effects when ingested by animals or people. Plant toxicity is due to a wide diversity of chemical toxins that include alkaloids, glycosides, proteins and amino acids. There are several notable toxic plants for which a specific chemical responsible for toxic...
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PMID: 20358683
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Kinderkrankenschwester : Organ der Sektion Kinderkrankenpflege / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Sozialpadiatrie und Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kinderheilkunde (28)8 2009
Abstract
Kinderkrankenschwester : Organ der Sektion Kinderkrankenpflege / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Sozialpadiatrie und Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kinderheilkunde (28)8 2009
Abstract
Clinical Toxicology (47)6 2009
Abstract
Problems associated with the increasing abuse of plant-derived psychoactive substances have recently attracted attention. This study involved bioanalytical and clinical examinations of intoxication cases suspected to be linked to such plant materials. METHODS: Urine samples were collected at emergen...
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PMID: 19586355
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
No overt clinical signs of poisoning developed in any steer during the experiment. Mean +/- SE heart rate reached a maximum of 79.0 +/- 5.0 beats/min at 17 hours after larkspur administration. Serum MLA concentration was correlated directly with heart rate. Mean times to maximal serum concentration...
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PMID: 19566479
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
(2R)-03B1-(03B2-d-Glucopyranosyloxy)-4-hydroxybenzeneacetonitrile (taxiphyllin) dihydrate, C14H17NO7·2H2O, is a naturally occurring cyanogenetic glycoside which has been isolated from Henriettella fascicularis (Sw.) C. Wright (Melastomataceae). Its structure is stabilized by a wealth o...
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PMID: 12711800
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plant poisoning occurs less commonly in dogs and cats than in herbivorous livestock, but numerous cases have been documented worldwide, most of them caused by common and internationally widely cultivated ornamental garden and house plants. Few cases of poisoning of cats and dogs have been reported i...
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PMID: 19831265
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyse the etiology, frequency and outcome of toxicological cases recorded by the consultation service of the Swiss Toxicological Information Centre (STIC) hotline over a 10-year period, from 1997 to 2006. A detailed analysis of this database indicates...
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PMID: 19496046
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Concentrations of Pta in bracken in New Zealand vary greatly, and in a high proportion of stands Pta is not found. A higher incidence of Pta, and some very high concentrations, are found in areas where BEH/AHS was known to occur....
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PMID: 19043468
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology (119)3 2008
Abstract
Southern Africa is inherently rich in flora, where the habitat and climatic conditions range from arid environments to lush, sub-tropical greenery. Needless to say, with such diversity in plant life there are numerous indigenous poisonous plants, and when naturalised exotic species and toxic garden...
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PMID: 18706990
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We report a case of severe poisoning in a 57-day-old infant who presented with vomiting, convulsions, and shock after ingesting a bottle of milk containing a decoction of Rhododendron simsii. The grandmother collected this toxic plant from a cultivated area, believing it was good for the airways. Gr...
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PMID: 18840915
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
These results show that other factors (microorganisms, nitrite levels) may be negating the TSNA reductions achieved by indirect-fired curing....
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PMID: 18508168
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
We sketch some potential resolutions of the paradox, including the possibility that humans may have evolved to counter-exploit plant neurotoxins. Resolving the paradox of drug reward will require a synthesis of ecological and neurobiological perspectives of drug seeking and use....
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PMID: 18353749
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Four dogs were treated for acute toxicity following ingestion of the popular garden shrub 'Yesterday, today, tomorrow' (Brunfelsia spp). Clinical signs included vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle tremors, anxiousness, opisthotonus and seizures. All dogs recovered following treatment with any or all of gene...
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PMID: 18498554
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We explore the impact of plant toxicity on the dynamics of a plant-herbivore interaction, such as that of a mammalian browser and its plant forage species, by studying a mathematical model that includes a toxin-determined functional response. In this functional response, the traditional Holling Type...
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PMID: 18262578
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the clinical, hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes induced by cyanide, thiocyanate and chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) in goats. Sixteen Boer-Spanish cross-bred female goats were divided into four treatment groups: (1) con...
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PMID: 17631662
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Natural Product Research (22)5 2008
Abstract
Hypaphorine, an alpha-N,N,N-trimethyltryptophan betaine, was isolated, for the first time, from Astragalus lusitanicus Lam. (Fabaceae), a plant highly toxic for lambs and goats. This alkaloid was characterized by NMR and MS analysis. Hypaphorine was previously reported to be a convulsive poison. To...
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PMID: 18404567
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In recent decades allelopathy has gained much attention in the sustainable agricultural systems. It is necessary to trace out the mechanism of action of allelochemicals of plants on other plants. Allelochemicals of different plants interact differently with each other. In the present context an atte...
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PMID: 18831383
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We discuss a developing model where toxin agonists such as resiniferatoxin and vanillotoxins are proposed to interact with a region of TRPV1 that is homologous to the "voltage sensor" in the Kv1.2 ion channel, to open the channel and activate primary sensory nerves, causing pain....
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PMID: 18061640
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I digestions followed by a simple gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. A densitometric method was developed to measure the methylation in genomic DNA samples and the results were evaluated using a software program designed for this purpose. Buccal epithelial cells were collected from t...
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PMID: 18246499
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Agricultural History (82)4 2008
Abstract
This paper examines the effectiveness of applied science in a case study of two aspects of livestock and human poisoning in New Zealand, from the earliest European contact in the 1770s through to the 1950s. It considers the role and value of government science first in attempting to solve a problem...
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PMID: 19263617
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Plant Journal (15)4 2008
Abstract
We show that 6mdA methylation can be successfully introduced into transgenic tobacco plants via expression of the bacterialdamenzyme. The efficiency of 6mdA methylation was directly proportional to expression levels of thedamconstruct, and methylation of all GATC sites was observed in a highly expre...
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PMID: 9753779
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Yucca schidigera juice in doses of 1.5 g (63 mg sapogenin) and 3.0 g (126 mg sapogenin) per kg live weight was administered intraruminally to 30 lambs for 21 days to investigate whether the saponins in Y. schidigera were toxic to lambs and whether they could cause hepatogenous photosensitisation. Tw...
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PMID: 17942132
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
DNA internal standard for the quantitative determination of hallucinogenic plants in plant mixtures.
Abstract
We show a new, simple, and rapid SYBR Green-based Real-Time PCR assay for the quantification of hallucinogenic plants in plant mixtures. As a test plant, Salvia divinorum Epling & Játiva-M., a perennial herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family able to induce hallucinations, changes in perception, or...
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PMID: 19083771
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the severity of hepatic and kidney damage with a focus on their reversibility, and to analyze the prognostic factors following Amanita phalloides poisoning based on calls made to the Czech Toxicological Information Centre. A variety of clinical and laboratory par...
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PMID: 18375639
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Krimpsiekte, a chronic form of cardiac glycoside poisoning, is an important plant-induced intoxication of small stock in South Africa. It is caused by cumulative, neurotoxic bufadienolides, such as cotyledoside. A cotyledoside-bovine serum albumin conjugate was synthesized to immunize animals. The e...
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PMID: 18453240
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
A disease known as water belly (barriga d'água), characterized by chronic progressive ascites, affects sheep in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. The objectives of this investigation were to study the disease and to determine its cause. Only sheep grazing for long periods in pastures wher...
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PMID: 17998559
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated tobacco industry documents and other sources for evidence of possible pharmacological and chemical effects of tobacco additives. Our findings indicated that more than 100 of 599 documented cigarette additives have pharmacological actions that camouflage the odor of environmental toba...
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PMID: 17666709
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We describe the development of gavage and aerosol ricin challenge models in mice and demonstrate that i.m. vaccination protects mice against ricin delivered by either route. Also RiVax protects against aerosol-induced lung damage as determined by histology and lung function tests....
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PMID: 17875350
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Toxicosis of Adonis aestivalis is well documented in horses, but little is known of its toxicity in cattle. A. aestivalis (summer pheasant's eye) was collected over multiple years, under different growing conditions, and at various stages of maturity, dried, and administered to calves to evaluate th...
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PMID: 17823409
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A perusal of research presented at the Annual Society of Toxicology Meetings, or in nearly any toxicology journal, will show that the overwhelming emphasis of toxicology research is on synthetic chemistries. Because of substantial potency and exposure to natural chemicals, the overwhelming focus on...
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PMID: 17291556
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Xenobiotica (37)9 2007
Abstract
1,8-Cineole (cineole) is a Eucalyptus leaf toxin that defends against predation by herbivores such as the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). The aim of the current study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of cineole in the possum to improve understanding about how possums can avoid cine...
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PMID: 17896321
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Natural Product Reports (24)4 2007
Abstract
Bracken (Pteridium spp.) is a ubiquitous fern which has been described as one of the five most common plants on the earth. The toxic effects of bracken on livestock have been recorded since the end of the 19th century, and extensive and intensive investigations for the bracken toxin(s) led to the is...
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PMID: 17653360
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Toxicological data are an important aspect of tobacco product characterization. In this study, TPM (Total Particulate Matter) (three replicates) was collected from cigarettes [five brands, ISO conditions: puff volume, 35 mL; duration, 2s; interval, 60s (35/2/60)], cigars (two brands, 45/2/30), cigar...
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PMID: 17614170
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 12-year-old boy was brought to the emergency department by his parents with new-onset anisocoria. He complained of blurry vision and of his left pupil being larger than the right. His visual acuity was normal and examination revealed a painless left mydriasis. A thorough history and targeted exami...
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PMID: 17630070
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Abstract
Lantana (Lantana camara Linn) is a noxious weed that grows in many tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Ingestion of lantana foliage by grazing animals causes cholestasis and hepatotoxicity. Both ruminants and nonruminant animals such as guinea pigs, rabbits, and female rats are susceptible...
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PMID: 17453937
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Poisonings with toxic plants may occur after abuse, intentional or accidental ingestion of plants. For diagnosis of such poisonings, multianalyte procedures were developed for detection and validated quantification of the toxic alkaloids aconitine, atropine, colchicine, coniine, cytisine, nicotine a...
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PMID: 17323418
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Environmental Management (39)5 2007
Abstract
Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea and S. aquaticus) causes major losses to agricultural revenue and induces livestock morbidity throughout parts of Europe, North America, and Australasia. The introduction of legislation in the U.K. and Australia has meant that landowners can be prosecuted if the plant sprea...
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PMID: 17377727
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.