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Imagination
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between perspective-taking skills in complex scenes and the spatial characteristics in drawings of 5- to 9-year-olds (N= 121). Perspective taking was assessed by two tasks: (a) a visual task similar to the three-mountains task, in which the children had to select a t...
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PMID: 21848741
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
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Abstract
We examined whether red influences perceptions of relative dominance and threat in an imagined same-sex competitive context, and did so attending to the distinction between wearing red oneself and viewing red on an opponent. Results revealed a bidirectional effect: wearing red enhanced perceptions o...
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PMID: 21558586
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (50)Pt 1 2011
Abstract
A preference to name stereotypically masculine before stereotypically feminine individuals explains why men are typically named before women, as on the Internet, for example (Study 1). Heterosexual couples are named with men's names first more often when such couples are imagined to conform to gender...
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PMID: 21366610
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psicothema (22)4 2010
Abstract
The effect of interactivity on identification with characters in audiovisual fiction was observed. 310 participants were asked to watch a film in one of these two conditions: 1) interactive (they selected the plot), and 2) non-interactive (they consumed the fiction in a conventional way). After watc...
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PMID: 21044519
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psicothema (22)4 2010
Abstract
This study aims to discover whether observers with the same cultural background as the inhabitant of a bedroom perceive common characteristics among the inhabitants. The study was carried out with 107 females who were asked to assess the inhabitants of eight bedrooms. Several slides of each bedroom...
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PMID: 21044526
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psicothema (22)4 2010
Abstract
Two experiments were used to assess the efficacy of the keyword mnemonic method in adults. In Experiment 1, immediate and delayed recall (at a one-day interval) were assessed by comparing the results obtained by a group of adults using the keyword mnemonic method in contrast to a group using the rep...
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PMID: 21044509
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigate the relationship between time and space in a nonverbal species, by testing whether non-human primates show space-time interactions consistent with metaphor theory or with ATOM. We tested two rhesus monkeys and 16 adult humans in a nonverbal task that assessed the influence of an irrel...
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PMID: 20846645
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We developed Dialectical Behavioral Therapy for PTSD (DBT-PTSD) as a residential intensive program, which is specifically tailored to the needs of these patients and which is acceptable as well as tolerable for patients and therapists. The treatment program is mainly based on the principles and meth...
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PMID: 20945269
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Mental time travel allows individuals to mentally project themselves backwards and forwards in subjective time. This case report describes a young woman suddenly rendered amnesic as a result of bilateral hippocampal damage following an epileptic seizure and brain anoxia. Her neuropsychological profi...
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PMID: 20401802
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This preliminary study explored the relationship between imagery vividness before and during a hypnotic phenomenological assessment procedure, the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory-Hypnotic Assessment Procedure (PCI-HAP), while also assessing trance (hypnoidal) state effects and several other...
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PMID: 20799120
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Memory & Cognition (38)6 2010
Abstract
These results suggest that future thinking involves a collection of processes that are related to different facets of future-event representation....
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PMID: 20852243
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Memory & Cognition (38)6 2010
Abstract
We discover and seek the origin of a novel heuristic that causes participants to preferentially choose southern rather than northern routes during map-based route planning. Experiment 1 demonstrates that participants who are tasked to choose between two equal-length routes, one going generally north...
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PMID: 20852234
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychiatry Research (178)3 2010
Abstract
Abstract
This study utilizes an innovative experimental paradigm to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) on dissociative experience and the sense of presence. A nonclinical sample of 30 people were administered measures of dissociation, sense of presence, and immersion before and after an immersio...
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PMID: 20712501
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
NeuroImage (51)3 2010
Abstract
We made a neural field model consisting of two one-dimensional rings of simple neurons expressing firing rates, one for areas 17/18 and one for areas 19/21. The model neurons, without any orientation or direction selectivity, computed apparent motion for the range of space-timings of stimuli associa...
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PMID: 20303411
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychological Review (117)3 2010
Abstract
We propose that conscious thought is for internal processing, to facilitate downstream interaction with the social and cultural environment. Human consciousness enables the construction of meaningful, sequential thought, as in sentences and narratives, logical reasoning, counting and quantification,...
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PMID: 20658859
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Psychology and Aging (25)2 2010
Abstract
We recently reported that older adults generate fewer episodic details than younger adults when remembering past events and when simulating future events. We suggested that the simulation findings reveal an age deficit in recombining episodic details into novel events, but they could also result fro...
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PMID: 20545421
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
NeuroImage (51)2 2010
Abstract
These results demonstrate that intimacy affects the bottom-up information processing involved in empathy, as indicated by greater overlap between neural representations of the self and the other.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20188182
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (49)Pt 2 2010
Abstract
We are interested in the complex functions of walking, listening and reading as social practices central to how this man forges a life as a mobile hermit across physical and imagined locales. This highlights connections between physical place, use of material objects, imagination, and sense of self....
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PMID: 19531282
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (49)Pt 2 2010
Abstract
It is theorized that many moral emotions are triggered when a mechanism for (parental) care is activated by perceived vulnerability, and changes in the care object's well-being are subsequently evaluated and causally attributed. Participants reported different moral emotions (tenderness, concern, sy...
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PMID: 20030963
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The present study suggests a method with which to assess the interrelations between different types of pretend play. In contrast to standard methods in this area, the various types of pretend play were measured within an interactive play scenario. The pretend play tasks were included in a semi-struc...
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PMID: 20481391
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The question of whether understanding pretend play requires meta-representational skill was examined among typically developing children and individuals with autism. Participants were presented with closely equated true and false pretence trials in which they had to judge a protagonist's pretend rea...
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PMID: 20481386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
I report evidence that such links exist in development. Eighty-two children were asked to report what they did yesterday and what they are going to do tomorrow. Children who could answer one were also more likely to answer the other question. Furthermore, there was an association between the quantit...
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PMID: 20481400
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Perceptual and Motor Skills (110)3 Pt 1 2010
Abstract
This study compared the effects of mental practice, physical practice, and no practice on the performance and retention of a novel throwing task. Research supports the effectiveness of mental practice on performance; however, retention of learning has not been adequately investigated. Participants w...
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PMID: 20681340
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent models in spatial cognition posit that distinct memory systems are responsible for maintaining transient and enduring spatial relations. The authors used perspective-taking performance to assess the presence of these enduring and transient spatial memories for locations encoded through verbal...
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PMID: 20438262
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We show that "current position" and its influence on memory performance can be driven by conceptual factors in an ambiguous testing situation. First, we demonstrate that simple instructions about the testing conditions-"you are in the space" versus "imagine the space"-determined whether a participan...
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PMID: 20438266
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Psychology (101)Pt 2 2010
Abstract
We tested whether putting oneself in the shoes of others is easier for women, possibly as a function of individuals' empathy levels, and whether any sex difference might be modulated by the sex of presented figures. Participants (N=100, 50 women) imagined (a) being in the spatial position of front-f...
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PMID: 19619391
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Psychology (101)Pt 2 2010
Abstract
This study investigated people's ability to adopt novel imagined viewpoints after studying plan-view diagrams and maps. In two experiments, university students were presented with a plan-view diagram of a character surrounded by nearby objects (Expt 1) or a character within a map of a multi-level sh...
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PMID: 19460237
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuropsychologia (48)6 2010
Abstract
We have previously shown that the motor system of CP patients with a unilateral conversion paresis is recruited to a similar degree during imagined movements of the affected and unaffected limb. In contrast, imagery of movements with the affected limb results in larger prefrontal activation. It rema...
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PMID: 20206641
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuropsychologia (48)6 2010
Abstract
We obtained functional magnetic resonance images from subjects reading brief stories that described a human character's background and then concluded with an action or decision made by the character. Half of the stories contained incidental descriptions of biological motion (such as the character's...
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PMID: 20138900
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuropsychologia (48)6 2010
Abstract
These results suggest that discrimination of mirror-image letters depends on matching to an exemplar, for which the right-hemisphere is dominant, while letter naming depends on abstract category recognition. One commissurotomized patient, DDV, showed systematic left-right reversal of the letters in...
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PMID: 20167229
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Neuropsychologia (48)6 2010
Abstract
We present the case of F.G., a healthy, normally developed 22-year-old male subject affected by a pervasive disorder in environmental orientation and navigation who presents no history of neurological or psychiatric disease. A neuro-radiological examination showed no evidence of anatomical or struct...
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PMID: 20144632
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper reviews the relationships between trance or altered state effects, suggestibility, and expectancy as these concepts are defined in the theorizing of Weitzenhoffer (2002), Holroyd (2003), Kirsch (1991), and others, for the purpose of demonstrating how these concepts can be assessed with th...
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PMID: 20499542
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems do not work for all users. This article introduces a novel combination of tasks that could inspire BCI systems that are more accurate than conventional BCIs, especially for users who cannot attain accuracy adequate for effective communication. Subjects performe...
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PMID: 20332550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Motor Control (14)2 2010
Abstract
We examined the similarities between actual and motor imagery practice with regard to the development of sensorimotor representations. Participants had to reproduce knee joint positions (15 or 150 trials) in visuo-proprioceptive or proprioceptive conditions (Experiment 1) or in visual, proprioceptiv...
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PMID: 20484768
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Brain and Cognition (72)3 2010
Abstract
We discuss the experience-dependent characteristics of MNS sensitivity to observed actions.
Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved....
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PMID: 20031292
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examined memory for action and descriptive elements of these scenarios. Given previous research demonstrating that readers simulate described actions preceded by 'You' from an actor's perspective, we predicted that such action statements would be better remembered than those preceded by 'He' or '...
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PMID: 19939357
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Perceptual and Motor Skills (110)2 2010
Abstract
The effects of different instructions on verbal random number generation were examined in 40 healthy students who attempted to generate random sequences of the digits 1 to 6. Two groups of 20 received different instructions with alternative numerical representations. The Symbolic group (Arabic digit...
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PMID: 20499555
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
IFES provides a measure of the impact of "pre-experiencing" in the form of intrusive prospective, personally-relevant imagery, with sensitivity to group differences on the basis of depression scores. Further research is required to extend these finding into clinical depression and other psychopathol...
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PMID: 20074386
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
People are unable to report how they decide whether to move backwards or forwards to catch a ball. When asked to imagine how their angle of elevation of gaze would change when they caught a ball, most people are unable to describe what happens although their interception strategy is based on control...
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PMID: 19703779
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We examine the phenomenological qualities of mental time travel in highly schizotypal individuals. After recollecting past episodes (autobiographical memory) and imagining future events (episodic future thinking), those scoring highly on positive schizotypy reported a greater sense of 'autonoetic aw...
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PMID: 20022771
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Social Psychology (49)Pt 1 2010
Abstract
We examined the impact of contact-related mental imagery on implicit prejudice as measured by the implicit association test. We found that, relative to a control condition, young participants who imagined talking to an elderly stranger subsequently showed more positive implicit attitudes towards eld...
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PMID: 19302731
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Psychological Bulletin (136)2 2010
Abstract
The empirical literature on auditory imagery is reviewed. Data on (a) imagery for auditory features (pitch, timbre, loudness), (b) imagery for complex nonverbal auditory stimuli (musical contour, melody, harmony, tempo, notational audiation, environmental sounds), (c) imagery for verbal stimuli (spe...
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PMID: 20192565
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
With the advent of functional brain imaging techniques and recent developments in the analysis of cortical connectivity, the focus of mental imagery studies has shifted from a semi-modular approach to a more realistic, integrated, cortical networks perspective. Recent studies of visual imagery of fa...
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PMID: 20426249
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
MMW Fortschritte der Medizin (152)7 2010
Abstract
British Journal of Health Psychology (15)Pt 1 2010
Abstract
This study failed to replicate the original research findings but showed that participants who exercised the least and were in the hard to imagine condition had the worst attitudes towards physical activity....
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PMID: 19486550
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We extend the method joint approximate diagonalization (JAD) for spatial filtering using a maximum likelihood framework. This generic formulation: 1) bridges the gap between the common spatial patterns (CSPs) and blind source separation of nonstationary sources; and 2) leads to a neurophysiologicall...
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PMID: 19789106
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Psychology (101)Pt 1 2010
Abstract
We identified the strong tendency of our participants to select feasible and desirable ideas, at the cost of originality, as the main reason for their poor selection performance. Two manipulations of participants' processing of the available ideas (exclusion instructions and quality ratings) had no...
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PMID: 19267959
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
British Journal of Psychology (101)Pt 1 2010
Abstract
These results favoured the 'business as usual' view of insight problem solving as against the 'special process' view which predicted larger effects of verbalization for insight problems as against non-insight problems....
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PMID: 19309537
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in order to find out whether textual features of narratives differentially affect credibility judgments made by judges having different levels of absorption (a disposition associated with rich visual imagination). Participants in both experiments were exposed to a text...
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PMID: 20923085
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We investigated whether motor planning problems in people with Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy (HCP) are paralleled by impaired ability to use Motor Imagery (MI). While some studies have shown that individuals with HCP can solve a mental rotation task, it was not clear if they used MI or Visual Imagery (...
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PMID: 20691568
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The author suggests that a "first generation" task in bioethics is to give patients the information they need; a "second generation" task is to do this in the most effective way; and a "third generation" task is to avoid harming patients by imposing value biases. The author discusses ways to pursue...
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PMID: 20465069
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This paper contends that educators need to prepare young learners to function with the predictable unpredictability of life in this century by participating in the kind of education that is transformational and adaptive to the ways in which children acquire meaning. When teachers implement a dynamic...
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PMID: 20021777
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
According to the dual representation theory of PTSD, intrusive trauma images and intrusive verbal thoughts are produced by separate memory systems. In a previous article it was shown that after watching an aversive film, participants in non-movement conditions reported more intrusive images than par...
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PMID: 20391178
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Behavioural Neurology (23)1-2 2010
Abstract
We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during five tasks investigating sensorimotor (finger tapping), language (verb generation), spatial (mental rotation), working memory (N-back), and emotional processing (viewing images from the International Affective Picture System). Finger t...
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PMID: 20714062
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Perception (39)12 2010
Abstract
We investigated cortical activity in response to abstract and representational paintings in artists and non-artists. Participants engaged in visual inspection of works of art and recalled them immediately afterwards through mental imagery. Meanwhile, we recorded their EEG, and calculated the power o...
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PMID: 21425703
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Four experiments explored whether 2 uniquely human characteristics-counterfactual thinking (imagining alternatives to the past) and the fundamental drive to create meaning in life-are causally related. Rather than implying a random quality to life, the authors hypothesized and found that counterfact...
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PMID: 20053036
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.
Lakartidningen (107)3 2010
Abstract
Abstract
We evaluated electroencephalography-electromyography (EEG-EMG) coherence during motor task execution (ME) and the same taskrelated EEG power increase (TRPI) during kinesthetic motor imagery (MI). EEGs recorded at the vertex and EMGs recorded at the right tibialis anterior muscle (TA) were analyzed i...
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PMID: 20407489
PDF is available here.
PDF is available here.