Abstract
The symptoms associated with slow viral or prion diseases of the central nervous system tend to have multiple neurologic symptoms, and different patients may present with different symptoms. This review discusses the most common slow virus infections and their imaging findings.
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PMID: 18319159
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The history of prion diseases is derived from descriptions of scrapie of sheep and goats in the eighteenth century. In 1920, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was reported as the first case of human prion diseases, which was recognized as subacute spongiform encephalopathy, one of neurodegenerative diseases...
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PMID: 17695271
PDF is available here.
Abstract
This article gives a brief history of the terminology of slow virus infection, the conceptual change that occurred in it, the features common to slow infection and the current concept of slow virus infection. Björn Sigurdsson from the field of veterinary medicine proposed slow virus infection as un...
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PMID: 17695269
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Pulmonary complications occur frequently after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and account for considerable mortality when associated with respiratory failure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is commonly used in the diagnostic evaluation of pulmonary infiltrates in HSCT patients. Althoug...
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PMID: 17580203
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We present empirical evidence that helminth vectoring of pathogens occurs in a range of vertebrate systems by a variety of helminth taxa. Using a novel theoretical framework we explore the dynamics of helminth vectoring and determine which host-helminth-pathogen characteristics may favour the evolut...
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PMID: 16753170
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Outcome of patients with squamous cell NPC (SC-NPC) was significant worse than that of those with non-keratinizing NPC (NK-NPC). Age and tumor size correlated with response to therapy. The group with negative conventional LMP-1 staining showed better overall survival after 5 years compared to the gr...
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PMID: 15347888
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We attempted an immune therapy with interferon alpha-2a over a period of 11 months, but failed to cause a significant effect on the appearance and progression of the skin lesions. Furthermore, we could not confirm the effectiveness of a recently reported treatment modality with pentoxifylline and as...
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PMID: 12207267
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There are some neurological disorders with a pathological hallmark called spongiosis which include Creutzfeld-Jakob disease and its new variant, the Gertsmann-Straussler-Scheinker Syndrome and the Fatal Familial Insomnia in humans; and Scrapie and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, among others, in a...
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PMID: 11029835
PDF is available here.
P P Tremblay,
Z Z Meiner,
M M Galou,
C C Heinrich,
C C Petromilli,
T T Lisse,
J J Cayetano,
M M Torchia,
W W Mobley,
H H Bujard,
S J SJ DeArmond and
S B SB Prusiner
Abstract
We used a tetracycline controlled transactivator (tTA) driven by the PrP gene control elements and a tTA-responsive promoter linked to a PrP gene [Gossen, M. and Bujard, H. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 5547-5551]. Adult Tg mice showed no deleterious effects upon repression of PrPC expressio...
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PMID: 9770528
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Classification, structure and characteristics of neurotropic viruses are briefly summarized. Neurotropic viruses causing acute infection include Japanese, Venezuelan equine, and California encephalitis viruses, polio, coxsackie, echo, mumps, measles, influenza, and rabies viruses as well as members...
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PMID: 9103870
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Serological markers of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been investigated in 28 patients with infectious endocarditis. In 75% of patients IgM antibodies to "early" antigen of the virus which are the marker of active viral infection occurred vs 6.2% among healthy blood donors. Specific for infe...
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PMID: 9213957
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A most common form of human prion disease, also known as non-conventional slow virus diseases; Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease is described in detail. The available data on the pathogenesis of the illness have recently changed and constitute a most exciting article of contemporary medicine. 109 cases ar...
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PMID: 9254342
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We confirmed elevated circulating IgG immune complexes, and altered IgG seroreactivities against human retroviral antigens (HIV-2 and HTLV immunoblots) in overlapping subgroups of patients. Together with preliminary findings of a positive polymerase chain reactivity for human T-lymphotropic virus (H...
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PMID: 7595609
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Recent advances have been made in understanding the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans). The role of viruses in the pathogenesis of the disease has been extensively investigated, although no causative link has yet been demonstrated between infective age...
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PMID: 8138975
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Specific globular structures, 10-12 nm in diameter, having a high resistance to various physicochemical factors and infectivity have been isolated for the first time from the brain of 2 patients, who died of amyotrophic leukospongiosis (AL). It has been shown that these globules contain infectious m...
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PMID: 8117968
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We newly designed our own regimen based on the natural history of HBV VT, the neonatal immune response to the recombinant vaccine and cost-effectiveness, and compared it with the Ministry one. It is not doubt that breast feeding is the most important route for HTLV-1 VT. However, other infectious ro...
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PMID: 8371012
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The "milestones" of virology try to depict the development from variolation to construction of hybrid viruses. Not only single observations or detections are listed, in contrast, this is an attempt to delineate from single events conclusions for the more general development of virology. Because of t...
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PMID: 7687580
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Influenza A/H1N1 (serovariant Hsw1N1) virus, a sum of isolated glycoproteins, separately neuraminidase "heads", inoculated into white random-bred female mice, induced in some of the offsprings the pathology clinically and pathomorphologically similar to previously described slow virus infection. At...
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PMID: 8073739
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A captive adult puma developed ataxia, a hypermetric gait and whole body tremor. The signs progressed over a period of six weeks. Histopathological examination following euthanasia demonstrated spongiform encephalopathy, gliosis and mild non-suppurative meningoencephalitis. Immunostaining with a pol...
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PMID: 1455592
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Scrapie, the prototype of a group of diseases which have the unique property of being both hereditary and infectious, is also exceptional in that it fails to evoke an immune response. Purification of crude scrapie preparations revealed a strong association of infectivity with a membrane protein ('Pr...
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PMID: 1355344
PDF is available here.
Abstract
There have been remarkably rapid advances in the understanding of prion diseases over the past year. The controversial notion that the transmissible agent may be an abnormal isoform of a host-encoded protein, the prion protein, is now gaining wide acceptance. The conundrum of how a disease can both...
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PMID: 1504620
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The known host range of naturally-occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has expanded in recent years to include wild ruminants. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) occurs in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) in Colorado and Wyoming, Unit...
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PMID: 1617203
PDF is available here.
Abstract
The first diagnosis of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the United Kingdom in 1986 was to stimulate the most intensive epidemiological study of any animal disease of all time in that country. It led also to the initiation of a broad-based research programme with an international flavour. Th...
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PMID: 1617204
PDF is available here.
Abstract
A 19-month-old greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), whose dam had died 15 months earlier with spongiform encephalopathy, required euthanasia after developing severe ataxia and depression with an apparently sudden onset. No macroscopic abnormalities were detected on post mortem examination but a...
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PMID: 1604783
PDF is available here.
Abstract
What is the molecular biological basis of viral pathogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS), ie by what molecular mechanisms do different viruses produce particular patterns of neurological disease in man and animal models, and can one use molecular techniques to ascertain the viral aetiology o...
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PMID: 1316963
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Fatal familial insomnia is a prion disease with a mutation in codon 178 of the PrP gene, but the disease phenotype seems to differ from that of previously described kindreds with the same point mutation....
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PMID: 1346338
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Zitter rats with genetic spongiform encephalopathy and hypomyelination developed an abnormal auditory brain-stem response (ABR) before the appearance of spongy lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). The ABR abnormalities were characterized by a dual peak of wave I, with a longer latency than i...
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PMID: 1370784
PDF is available here.
Abstract
In order to describe the complex virus-host relationship the authors review the viral mechanisms of infection and viral replication as well as the basic pattern of the immune responses. The delicate balance of the infection-immunity equation is complicated by the instability of both entities. The be...
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PMID: 1568354
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Cervical smears of 50 women who had an abortion were examined by dot-blot hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA. HPV DNA type 16 or 18 positivity was shown in 17.6% of the cases; in the aborted material, however, it amou...
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PMID: 1327343
PDF is available here.
Abstract
We have studied the relationship between MS prevalence and dairy product consumption in 27 countries and 29 populations all over the world, with Spearman's correlation test. A good correlation between liquid cow milk and MS prevalence (rho = 0.836) was found; this correlation was highly significant...
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PMID: 1291895
PDF is available here.
Abstract
Spongiform encephalopathies include seven neurodegenerative diseases: three in man (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease and kuru) and four in animals (scrapie, mink encephalopathy, bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease in deer and elks). They are...
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PMID: 1531331
PDF is available here.